Automation

The subjects presented in the theoretical classes are the ones considered important to the understanding of the topics taught in laboratory classes.
In laboratory classes several pneumatic and hydraulic circuits are explained. Subsequently they are built and tested. Finally the obtained results are analysed.
Students may obtain approval for the course unit upon making a final exam. To obtain approval to this course unit students must obtain a grade equal to or greater than 9.5 points (range 0 to 20 points) and a minimum score of 25% in each of the components (theoretical and practical) assessed in the final exam.

Goals
Students are advised to the important role played by automated systems (pneumatic and hydraulic) in various applications. Students are encouraged to develop experimental work, including the identification of problems that may arise, the planning of assemblies and the critical analysis of obtained results.
Skills
Develop skills associated with experimental work, namely circuit planning and testing, problem identification and information analysis.
Apply the theoretical concepts to the resolution of laboratory exercises.

General principles.
Hydraulic resistances distributed and localized
Hydraulic fluids: Main properties. Special hydraulic fluids
Seals: O-rings, static and dynamic seals
Hydraulic cylinders: Sizing a hydraulic cylinder
Pumps / hydraulic motors: Types of pumps / motors
Valves: Directional Valves, pressure regulators, flow regulators and other types
Hydraulic accumulators: Types of accumulators. Sizing a hydraulic accumulator
Pneumatic circuits: Explanation of the working principle of several pneumatic elements. Symbology. Explanation and practical simulation of elementary pneumatic circuits. Explanation and practical simulation of sequential pneumatic circuits
Hydraulics: Explanation of the working principle of several hydraulic elements. Symbology. Practical applications of theoretical concepts. Explanation and practical simulation of elementary and advanced hydraulic circuits.

NAO