Botany and Dendrology

1. Formal lectures limited to key/structural topics
2. Specialized search, by the students, orientated by the teacher about particular topics
3. Hands-on laboratory sessions and field study
4. Students presentations and discussion of search results/topics explored
5. Field trips to observe, colect and identifiy plant species.

a) To identify the structure and internal organization of vegetal bodies relating them with the function of different organs;
b) To know how to identify plant species (full plants or small parts), based on morphological characteristics, using different resources such as dichotomous keys, Floras, e-Floras, Field guides, herbarium material, etc.
c) To recognize/know native plant species with more interest in Portugal, including mainly trees and shrubs but also some herbaceous species;
d) To recognize/know exotic plant species with more interest in forest and natural environments (including both cultivated and invasive species);
e) To develop curiosity for plant world.

a) Plant histology and anatomy: plant tissues and its characterization; primary and secondary growth; anatomy of roots, stems and leaves, and its relationship with phisiology, on main taxonomical groups; b) Morphology of root, stem (including bark), leaf, flower and fruit; c) Classification- taxonomy principles; caraterization of major taxonomical groups; d) Caraterization (taxonomy; morphology; comparisons/ contrasts to other species with which the plant may be easily confused; distribuition; vicariance; interest and utilization) of plant species with more interest in forestry and natural areas in Portugal, including species of: Adoxaceae, Altingiaceae, Anacardiaceae, Aquifoliaceae, Betulaceae, Cistaceae, Cupressaceae, Ericaceae, Fabaceae, Fagaceae, Ginkgoaceae, Juglandaceae, Lauraceae, Magnoliaceae, Malvaceae, Moraceae, Myrtaceae, Oleaceae, Pinaceae, Pittosporaceae, Platanaceae, Salicaceae, Taxaceae e Ulmaceae, amongst others.

• - 1) Short Quizzes (20%); 2) Projects (hands-on, search) with possible oral presentation (20%) - 40.0%
• - 1) Final test of identification (unknown taxa), characterization and ability to recognize plant species and families (40%): 2) Projects of plant herborization (parts or whole plants) and/ or identification (20%) - 60.0%

• - not described on A3ES - 100.0%

NAO

Raven, P.H., Evert, R.F. & Eichhorn, S.E. (2012). Biology of Plants. 8ª ed. W. H. Freeman and Company. NY.

Izco, J.; et al. 1998. Botânica. 2ªEd. Mc.GRAW-HILL Interamericana de España, S.AU.

Humphries, C.J., Press, J.R., Sutton, D.A., Garrard, I., Hayward, T., & More, D. (2005). Guia de Campo das Árvores de Portugal e Europa. Fapas.

Lidon, F.J., Gomes, H. & Abrantes, A.C. (2001). Anatomia e morfologia externa das plantas superiores. Lidel. Lisboa.

Bingre, P., Aguiar, C., Espírito-Santo, D., Arsénio, P., & Monteiro-Henriques, .T [Coord.s Cient.] (2007). Guia de Campo – As árvores e os arbustos de Portugal continental, 462 pp. In vol. IX, Sande Silva, J. [Coord. Ed.]: Coleção Árvores e Florestas de Portugal. Jornal Público/ FLAD/LPN. Lisboa.

Franco, J.A., & Afonso, M.L.R. (1971-2003). Nova Flora de Portugal (Continente e Açores). Escolar Editora. Lisboa.

Fernandes, R.B. (1972). Vocabulário de termos botânicos. Anuário da Sociedade Broteriana, 38: 181-292. [versão revista por Sales, F. (2007)].

Polunin. O. 1999. Árboles Y Arbustos De Europa. OMEGA. ISBN: 9788428207393