Base Knowledge
There are no recommended background. The course is tought onthe assumption that students have never taken accounting courses.
Teaching Methodologies
The teaching methodology is theoretical-practical and interactive, with the discussion of the resolution of practical exercises, in order to capture the constant interest of students in the subject taught.
Learning Results
- Know the importance of financial accounting within organizations’ information and management systems.
- Understand the accounting model, progressively, starting with a static analysis of an entity’s assets, then proceeding to a dynamic analysis of the equity facts that will allow the construction of the Balance Sheet and the Income Statement by Nature.
- Understand concepts that shape knowledge about accounting standards (Accounting Standardization System – SNC).
After successfully completing this course, the student should be able to:
- assess the importance of accounting information and the respective recipients;
- understand accounting methods and techniques;
- understand the company’s financial statements, respective components and preparation;
- understand the assumptions and characteristics of accounting information;
- analyze accounting for some of the internal and external operations of companies, in the SNC.
Program
1. Introduction
1.1. General Considerations
1.2. Accounting as an information system
1.3. Concept of financial accounting and divisions of Accounting
2. Fundamental Concepts
2.1. Assets
2.2. Inventory
2.3. Balance Sheet
2.3.1. Concept
2.3.2. General Balance Sheet Equation
2.3.3. Representation of the Balance Sheet
2.3.4. Classification of the Balance Sheet
2.4. The unit of aggregation in Accounting: the Account
2.5. Overview: the elements of financial statements (Assets, Liabilities, Equity, Expenses and Income)
2.6. The accounting recording method: double-entry bookkeeping
2.7. Laws of Debit and Credit
2.8. The Journal
2.9. The Ledger
2.10. Permutative and modifying equity facts
2.11. Final Balance Sheet and Income Statement by Nature
2.14. Approach to NCRF (Accounting Standard for Financial Reporting) No. 1
3. Accounting Harmonization and Standardization
3.1. General aspects of accounting standardization
3.1.1. Objectives
3.1.2. Advantages and disadvantages
3.2. Accounting standardization in Portugal
3.2.1. Accounting standardization bodies
3.2.2. Accounting standardization instruments
3.2.3. Sectoral accounting standardization in the public and private sectors of the economy
3.3. Some benchmarks for global accounting standardization
3.3.1. Objectives of international accounting harmonization
3.3.2. Accounting harmonization in the European Union
4. Theoretical approach to Value Added Tax in purchase and sale transactions
4.1. General aspects of VAT
4.2. Main administrative and accounting obligations
4.3. Deductible VAT
4.4. Liquidated VAT
4.5. VAT Adjustments
5. Accounting for Transactions
5.1. Liquid financial resources
5.1.1. Concepts
5.1.2. Measurement
5.1.3. Cash
5.1.4. Bank deposits
5.1.5. Financial instruments held for trading
5.1.6 Approach to NCRF No. 23
5.2. Purchases and other transactions with suppliers
5.2.1. Concepts
5.2.2. Measurement of accounts payable
5.2.3. Accounting for purchase transactions
5.2.4. Advances to suppliers
5.2.5. Approach to NCRF No. 18 and NCRF No. 23
5.3. Sales and other transactions with customers
5.3.1. Concepts
5.3.2. Basis for recognition of income
5.3.3. Measurement of receivables
5.3.4. Accounting for sales and service transactions
5.3.5. Advances from customers
5.3.6. Approach to NCRF No. 20 and NCRF No. 23
5.4. Inventories and Biological Assets
5.4.1. Concepts
5.4.2. Measurement of inventories
5.4.2.1. Inventory entries
5.4.2.2. Inventory outflows – Costing formulas
5.4.3. Inventory accounting methods
5.4.3.1. Periodic inventory
5.4.3.2. Permanent inventory
5.4.4. Inventory transactions
5.4.5. Production variation
5.4.6. Approach to NCRF no. 10, 17 and 18
6. VAT calculation
6.1. VAT calculation
6.2. VAT refunds
7. The concept of accounting period and the importance of accruals and deferrals
7.1 Concepts
7.2 Active accruals and deferrals
7.3 Passive accruals and deferrals
Curricular Unit Teachers
Internship(s)
NAO
Bibliography
Borges, A., Rodrigues, A., e Rodrigues, R. (2021). Elementos de Contabilidade Geral(27.ª ed.). Lisboa: Áreas Editora.
Costa, C. B., e Alves, G. C. (2021). Contabilidade Financeira (10.ª ed.) Lisboa: Rei dos Livros.
Gonçalves, C., Santos, D., Rodrigo, J., e Fernandes, S. (2020). Contabilidade Financeira Explicada – Manual Prático (4.ª ed.). Porto: Vida Económica.
Gonçalves, M. (2019). “Contabilidade por partidas dobradas: história, importância e pedagogia (com especial referência à sua institucionalização em Portugal, 1755–1777)”. De Computis, Revista Española de Historia de la Contabilidad – Spanish Journal of Accounting History 16 (2), pp. 69-142.
Moreira, J. A. (2019). Contabilidade – Da Preparação à Interpretação da Informação Financeira. Lisboa: Edições Sílabo.
Rocha, D., Azevedo, G., e Rodrigues, A. M. (2016). Contabilidade para Todos – Iniciação à Contabilidade (2.ª ed.). Coimbra: Almedina.
Sistema de Normalização Contabilística (SNC)
Bibliografia complementar e não obrigatória
Gonçalves, M., Simões, M., Ferreira, R., e Góis, C. (2023). História da Contabilidade Portuguesa – O Século XX. Coimbra: Almedina.