Introduction to Accounting

There are no recommended background. The course is tought on the assumption that students have never taken accounting courses.

The teaching methodology is theoretical-practical and interactive, with the discussion of the resolution of practical exercises, in order to capture the constant interest of students in the subject taught.

Know the importance of financial accounting within organizations’ information and management systems.

Understand the accounting model, progressively, starting with a static analysis of an entity’s assets, then proceeding to a dynamic analysis of the equity facts that will allow the construction of the Balance Sheet and the Income Statement by Nature.

Understand concepts that shape knowledge about accounting standards (Accounting Standardization System – SNC).

After successfully completing this course, the student should be able to:

assess the importance of accounting information and the respective recipients;

understand accounting methods and techniques;

understand the company’s financial statements, respective components and preparation;

understand the assumptions and characteristics of accounting information;

analyze accounting for some of the internal and external operations of companies, in the SNC.

1. Introduction

2. Fundamental Concepts

Patrimony

Inventory

Swing

The aggregation unit in Accounting: the Account

Overview: the elements of the financial statements (Assets, Liabilities, Equity, Expenses and Income)

The accounting recording method: double items

Debit and Credit Laws

The diary

The Reason

The articulation between the diary and the ledger

 Check Balance Sheet

Exchanging equity facts and amending equity facts

Final Balance Sheet and Income Statement by Nature

3. Accounting standardization

Accounting standardization in Portugal

Some benchmarks of global accounting standardization

4. The Concept of Accounting Period and the Importance of Accruals and Deferrals

5. Theoretical Approach to Value Added Tax in purchase and sale operations

6. Accounting for Operations

Net financial resources

Purchasing and other operations with suppliers

Sales and other operations with customers

 Inventories and Biological Assets

7. The clearance of VAT

NAO

Legislation
Decreto-Lei n.º 158/2009, de 13 de Julho, alterado e republicado pelo Decreto-Lei n.º 98/2015, de 2 de Junho – Sistema de Normalização Contabilística.

Bibliography
Borges, A., Rodrigues, A., Rodrigues, R., e Rodrigues, J. A. A. (2021). Elementos de Contabilidade Geral (27.ª ed.). Lisboa: Áreas Editora.
Costa, C. B., e Alves, G. C. (2021). “A contabilidade e o seu enquadramento nacional e internacional”. In Costa, C. B., e Alves, G. C. (2021). Contabilidade Financeira (10.ª ed.) (pp. 51-154). Lisboa: Rei dos Livros.
Gonçalves, C., Santos, D., Rodrigo, J., e Fernandes, S. (2020). Contabilidade Financeira Explicada – Manual Prático (4.ª ed.). Porto: Vida Económica.
Lopes, I. (2022). Contabilidade Financeira – Teoria e Prática. Lisboa: Editora D’Ideias.
Moreira, J. A. (2020). Contabilidade – Da Preparação à Interpretação da Informação Financeira (2.ª ed). Lisboa: Edições Sílabo.
Rodrigues, J. (2021). Sistema de Normalização Contabilística – SNC Explicado (8.ª ed.). Porto: Porto Editora.