Biomaterials

Not applicable.

In the theoretical lectures the contents are presented in slides, to which students have access, and, whenever it is necessary, the board of the classroom. During the class, and as the concept, assumptions and principles are presented, students are required to participate through questions raised by the teacher to the students, or vice versa, to check that they are monitoring the matter. In class tutorial guidance, students solve the worksheets on several matters, with a concern to make up for a more customized to those who show lower performance capability. To pass at Biomaterials the student must have a minimum score of 10 values.

Provide students with knowledge and skills on the fundamental principles of Materials Science in Engineering, including the state of the art in the development of biomaterials, with regard to the most relevant medical applications. It is intended that students acquire a deep knowledge about the various types of biomaterials and their use in the pharmaceutical and medical fields. The relationship between materials science and fundamental concepts of chemistry, physics, biology and engineering will be underlined. Skills to be developed: i) identify the various types of materials and understand how their properties influence interaction with the organism; iii) select the materials that best suit a given application; iv) know the state of the art in terms of the development of biomaterials; v) to become aware of the multidisciplinary nature of the area; vi) recognize the contribution of biomaterials to improving the quality of human life.

I – Introduction to Materials Science and Biomaterials:   Definition; classification; historical perspective; state of art; materials used as biomaterials and their applications; biocompatibility, bioactivity and biodegradability. 

II – Structure and properties of materials: Mechanical and thermal properties. Phase diagrams. Surface properties and adhesion. Electrical properties. Density and porosity.

III – Metal materials: Concepts of stress and strain.  Stainless steels.  Cobalt-based alloys, Ti and Ti-based alloys.  Dental materials.  Ni-Ti alloys.  Corrosion of metal implants.

 IV – Ceramic materials: Classification. Bioceramics and bioglasses. Structure, properties and relationships in ceramics. Structure, properties and applications of aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide and calcium phosphate. Bioceramics, carbon materials.

V – Polymeric materials: Polymerization reactions. Effect of structural modification and temperature on the properties of the material. Mechanical stability and transport. Implants of polymeric materials. Biodegradable polymers. Biological adhesives. Hydrogels (types of hydrogels, biomedical applications). Drug delivery systems.

VI – Composite materials: Structure and properties. Applications.

NAO

1. Park, J. & Lakes, R. (2007). Biomaterials – An Introduction (3ª edição).  New York: Springer. ISBN: 978-1-4419-2281-6. (in the ISEC library)

2. Bhat, S. (2002). Biomaterials. Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers. ISBN: 0-7923-7058-9.

3. Callister, W. (2003). Materials science and engineering: an introduction (6ª edição). New York: John Wiley & Sons Inc. ISBN: 0-471-22471-5. (in the ISEC library)

4. Ratner, B., Hoffmann, A., Schoen, F. & Lemons, J. (2013). Biomaterials Science: an Introduction to Materials in Medicine (3ª edição).  Oxford: Academic Press. ISBN: 978-0125824637

5. Wong, J., & Bronzino, J. (2007). Biomaterials (1st edition). Boca Raton: Taylor & Francis Group. 

6. Smith, W. (1998). Princípios de Ciência e Engenharia dos Materiais (3ª edição).  Amadora: Mc Graw-Hill. ISBN: 972-8298-68-4. (in the ISEC library)