Microbiology

Biology and Biochemistry

The theoretical contents of the curricular unit will be exposed by audiovisual means, interactive classes. In the theoretical classes, the students being involved in reflection to apply the acquired Knowledge through activities such as the analysis and discussion of cases of the specialty. In the theoretical-practical matrix will be made the application of the acquired contents, involving the students (in group) preparing a search about one specific subject, writting a work with one presentation and public discussion during one lesson. In the P matrix will be developed practical laboratory work dedicated to research, enumeration and identification of microorganisms, application of disinfection and sterilization techniques and development of technical skills in the study of compounds with antimicrobial activity

The curricular unit of Microbiology aims to learn: the basic principles of medical microbiology, basic concepts of the immune response and general principles of laboratory diagnosis. In terms of bacteriology, is impotant acquired knowledge about the mechanisms of bacterial pathogenesis, its laboratory diagnosis and use the species of the greatest clinical interest. Is also important to know the antibacterial agents used in treatment (action and efficacy). In terms of virology, mechanisms of viral pathogenesis and antiviral agents. In Mycology the pathogenesis of fungal diseases and antifungal agents. In parasitology the pathogenesis of parasitic diseases and antiparasitic agents.

At the end of the course unit students should be able to: know the classification, structure and replication of bacteria, fungi, viruses and parasites; Means of control and study of microbial growth; General characteristics in laboratory diagnosis; Recognize mechanisms of pathogenesis; Recognize antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal and antiparasitic agents. To identify methods of analysis for the study and development of new compounds for the treatment of microbial infections

THEORETICAL PROGRAM (30H)

A – INTRODUCTION (1 H)

– Presentation of the contents, objectives, competences to be acquired, evaluation methodologies and recommended bibliography

– Book the evaluation periods

B – Principles of Medical Microbiology (6H)

– Classification, structure and bacterial replication

– Metabolism and bacterial genetics

– Classification, structure and replication of viruses, fungi and parasites

– Microbiota commensal and pathogenesis in humans

C- Basic Concepts of Immune Response to Microorganisms (2H)

D – BACTERIOLOGY (10H)

– Mechanisms of bacterial pathogenesis

– Staphylococcus and related Gram positive cocci

– Streptococcus

– Enterococcus and Other Gram-positive Cocci

– Enterobacteriacceae

– Pseudomonas and related microorganisms

– Gram-positive and Gram-negative Anaerobic bacteria

– Antibacterial agents and resistance phenomena

E – MICOLOGY (4H)

– Pathogenesis of fungal diseases

– Mycoses and other fungal infections

– Mycotoxins and Mycotoxicoses

– Antifungal agents

F – VIROLOGY (2H)

– Mechanisms of viral pathogenesis

– Antiviral Agents

G – PARASITOLOGY (3H)

 – Pathogenesis of parasitic diseases

-Antiparasitic agents

H- FREQUENCY (2H)

THEORETICAL-PRACTICAL PROGRAM (15H)

A- Control of bacterial growth: sterilization, disinfection and antisepsis (1H)

B- Laboratory diagnosis: (6H)

– Principles of Microscopy and application;

– In vitro culture, principles and applications

– Molecular and serological diagnosis.

C-Laboratory diagnosis of bacterial diseases, identification of bacterial infection agents (2H)

D-Laboratory diagnosis of viral, fungal and parasitic diseases (2H)

E-Methods of determination of antibacterial and antifungal activity (2H)

F- Oral presentation and discussion of GROUP WORK on laboratory diagnosis in microbial diseases (2H)

PRACTICAL PROGRAM (15H)

1 – The Laboratory of Microbiology: Biosafety standards. (1H)

2 – Optical microscopy: fresh examination and bacterial staining (2H)

3- Gram technique and rapid tests to identify the genus / bacterial family (2H).

4- Identification to bacterial species, antimicrobial sensitivity tests (2H)

4- Preparation of culture media (preparation, sterilization and aseptic for distribution) (2H)

5 – Methods of determining the antibacterial activity of various products (natural, chemical, etc …) – diffusion tests in well and disc; microdilution tests determination of MIC and cytotoxicity (4H)

6 – PRATICAL FREQUENCY (2H)

NAO

Primary References:

1 Murray, PR; Rosenthal, KS; Pfaller, MA. (2010)Microbiologia Médica. 6ª ed. MOSBY ELSEVIER, Rio de Janeiro

2-Ferreira, WFC, Sousa, JCF, Lima, N (2010). Microbiologia, ed. LIDEL, Lisboa

3 – Barroso H, Taveira N, Meliço-Silvestre A (2014). Microbiologia Médica (1 e 2), ed. LIDEL,Lisboa

4 – Madigan, MT Martinho, JM, Dunlap, PV, Clark, DP (2009). Brock – Biology of

microorganisms, 12th ed, Pearson International Edition, Pearsons Benjamin Cummings, USA

5 – Krasner, RI (2010). The Microbial Challenge – Science, Disease and Public Health, 2nd ed, Jones and Bartlet Publishers, UK

6 – Microbiologia, 6ª Ed., 2000. G. J. Tortora, B. R. Funke, C. L. Case. Artmed Editora. Porto Alegre. Brasil