Pasture and Forage Crops

Photosynthesis, elementary botany and digestion physiology in ruminants.

Expository methodology for the presentation of theoretical concepts.

Permanent monitoring of practical cases that illustrate the subjects presented and allow students to perceive the effective application of the concepts outlined.

Analysis of scientific and dissemination articles, viewing of videos/slideshows, consultation, case studies and research of elements and comparative data.

Contact with the areas of pastures and forage crops on the ESAC farm and on other farms allows for the consolidation of the program contents exposed

1. Relate specific definitions relating to pastures and forages with their production, recovery and use in feeding herbivorous animals

2. Select, among the main pratense and forage species, the most suitable options for the constitution of mixtures, depending on soil and climate characteristics, exploitation conditions and production objectives

3. Plan the most appropriate set of technical procedures for the establishment of pastures and forage crops

4. Integrate the positive aspects that result from the use of pastures and forages in the feeding of herbivorous animals in livestock farms, with special emphasis on economic, environmental and animal welfare aspects

MODULE I

1. Specific definitions and designations

2. Production levels and quality of pratense and forage crops

3. Advantages and limitations of using pastures and forages to feed herbivores

4. Complementarity between pastures, forages and other foods

MODULE II

1. Physiological adaptation of grassland and forage species to the Mediterranean climate

2. Contributions of the main species families to the feeding of herbivores

3. Agronomic and physiological characteristics of the main species used

4. Selection of species/subspecies for pratenses and forage mixtures/associations

MODULE III

1. Choice between “improvement” and “re-implementation” of pastures

2. Specifics of the implementation of pratense and forage crops

3. Cultural practices to be carried out for the installation of pastures and forages

4. Programs for the installation of pastures and forages, in different edaphoclimatic situations, objectives and working conditions

• - Módulo III - 35.0%
• - Módulo II - 45.0%
• - Módulo I - 20.0%

NAO

AZEVEDO, Á. L. – As pastagens e as forragens como componentes de sistemas de exploração da terra. Évora, 1987. 

CARVALHO, M. – O papel da pastagem na recuperação do solo no montado. Pastagens e forragens, vol. 35/38, 2018.

CRESPO, D. – Biodiversidade e produtividade nas pastagens e forragens mediterrânicas. Estratégias e limitações. Pastagens e Forragens, vol. 29/30, 2008/2009.

CUNHA, M. J.; CASAU, F.; AMARO, R.; OLIVEIRA, A. – Tecnologias Limpas em Agro-Pecuária. Sociedade Portuguesa de Inovação. Porto, 2005. ISBN 972-8589-50-6.

INRA – Alimentation des bovins, ovins et caprins – Besoins des animaux – Valeurs des aliments. Éditions Quae, 2010.

MONTEIRO, A.; RIBEIRO, S.; VASCONCELOS, T.; COSTA, J.; SIMÕES, M.; FALCÃO, L.; MARTINS, C.; FREIRE, J.. Plantas forrageiras de altitude. Série Didáctica Botânica 4. Ed. ISAPress, 2014. ISBN 388421/15

MOREIRA, N. – Agronomia das pastagens e forragens. Vila Real, 2002. ISBN 972-669-487-6.      

MUSLERA, P.; RATERA, G. – Praderas y forrajes: producción y aprovechamiento. 2ª ed. revisada y ampliada. Madrid, 1991. 674 p.24 cm. ISBN 84-7114-329-1.     

SERRANO, E. – Pastagens do Alentejo – Bases técnicas sobre caracterização, pastoreio e melhoramento. Universidade de Évora – ICAM, 2006. ISBN 978-972-778-097-6.

SOLTNER, D. – Les grandes productions végétales: Phytotechnie spéciale. 15e édition. Sainte-Gemmes-Sur-Loire, Angers, 1987.                

TISSERAND, J. L., ed. lit. – Evaluation of the nutritive value of mediterranean roughages. Paris: CIHEAM, 1999. ISBN 2-85352-198-2.   

TAVARES, R. – Pastagens de altitude – Caracterização de uma exploração na região da Guarda. Dissertação para a obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Agronómica, Ramo Agro-pecuária. Universidade de Lisboa, 2014.

VIGNAU-LOUSTAU, L.; HUYGHE, C. – Stratégies fourragères – pâturage – ensilage – foin. Editions France Agricole, 2008. ISBN 13 198-2-85557-153-9.