Financial Accounting II

Knowledge acquired in the Financial Accounting I course.

ME1. Expository Method – The theoretical and practical sessions include periods in which the lecturer presents and systematises the course content, either at the beginning or at the end of each topic, particularly within a flipped classroom approach.

ME2. Problem-Solving Method – Students solve exercises and practical cases aimed at applying and consolidating accounting concepts and procedures, while encouraging their active participation in the learning process.

ME3. Project-Based Learning – Students undertake a project, individually or in groups, based on the annual reports and financial statements of real companies. The project enables them to apply and integrate content covered at different stages of the course unit, analyse and interpret financial information, and present the results and conclusions of their work.

ME4. Role-Playing – Selected activities involve the simulation of professional situations in which students assume different roles, fostering the contextualised application of knowledge and the development of communication and decision-making skills.

ME5. Problem-Based Learning (PBL) – Students explore problem-based scenarios as a starting point for identifying learning needs, researching and applying new knowledge, and developing well-founded solutions under the guidance of the lecturer.

The teaching methods adopted support the achievement of the learning objectives previously defined.

The course unit has the following Learning Outcomes (LOs):
LO1 – Understand the recognition, measurement and derecognition criteria for investments in property, plant and equipment, intangible assets, investment property and non-current assets held for sale, using the cost model, in accordance with the Portuguese Accounting Standardisation System (SNC).
LO2 – Understand the accounting treatment of financing transactions relating to non-current assets and share capital.
LO3 – Understand the measurement and recognition of asset impairments and their effects on the financial statements.
LO4 – Understand and perform the accounting procedures relating to year-end adjustments, accruals and deferrals, period-end closing, including the recognition of income tax and the determination of profit or loss.
LO5 – Prepare and interpret the financial statements at the end of the accounting period, understanding their structure, objectives and usefulness for financial reporting.

The competencies (C) to be developed by students are as follows:
C1 – Apply the Portuguese Accounting Standardisation System (SNC) to the recognition, measurement, derecognition and disclosure of non-current non-financial assets, in accordance with the cost model.
C2 – Analyse and account for transactions related to the financing of non-current assets, investment grants, borrowing costs and basic components of equity.
C3 – Assess asset impairments and recognise their effects on the financial statements, in accordance with the applicable accounting standards.
C4 – Perform accounting adjustments, accruals and deferrals, and period-end closing procedures, ensuring the reliability and quality of the financial information produced.
C5 – Prepare and interpret financial statements, analysing an entity’s financial position and performance to support decision-making processes.
C6 – Exercise professional judgement in the application of accounting standards and communicate financial information accurately, ethically, technically soundly, and through the responsible use of sources, data and digital tools.
C7 – Develop collaborative work skills and assume individual responsibility for the justification of methods, sources, calculations and conclusions, demonstrating autonomy and critical thinking.

P1 – Class 4 – Investments in non-financial assets (cost model)
1.1 Property, plant and equipment
1.2 Intangible assets
1.3 Investment property
1.4 Non-current assets held for sale
1.5 Asset-related government grants
1.6 Borrowing costs relating to non-current assets
1.7 Financing of non-current assets – medium- and long-term bank loans and finance leases
1.8 Depreciation and amortisation
1.9 Recognition of government grants as income
1.10 Related finance income and finance costs
1.11 Difference between non-current assets, financial and non-financial

P2 – Class 5 – Equity
2.1 Subscribed and paid-up share capital
2.2 Reserves

P3 – Asset impairments
3.1 Impairment of non-current assets
3.2 Impairment of receivables
3.3 Inventory write-downs

P4 – End-of-period accounting procedures
4.1 Accruals and deferrals
4.2 Income taxes (Corporate Income Tax – IRC)
4.3 Year-end adjustments
4.4 Determination of profit or loss

P5 – Financial statements
5.1 Preparation and interpretation of the Statement of Financial Position
5.2 Preparation and interpretation of the Income Statement by Nature

Attendance Requirements

Attendance is strongly recommended to ensure appropriate engagement with and understanding of the course content, as well as participation in in-class activities designed to support the learning process. Assessment Method MA1 requires students to comply with the attendance requirements specified below.

Assessment Methods

For the assessment of learning outcomes, students may choose one of the following assessment methods:

MA1. Continuous Assessment (Article 13(1)(a) of the Academic Regulations for the First Cycle of Studies of the IPC);

MA2. Examination-Based Assessment (Article 13(1)(c) of the Academic Regulations for the First Cycle of Studies of the IPC).

MA1. CONTINUOUS ASSESSMENT

This assessment method comprises the following assessment components:

a) First Individual Written Test: to be taken during the semester on a scheduled and previously announced date, with a maximum duration of 2 hours. The test will cover a specific part of the course content, identified in advance to students, and will account for 30% of the final grade.

b) Second Individual Written Test: to be taken during the semester on a scheduled and previously announced date, with a maximum duration of 2 hours. The test will cover a specific part of the course content, identified in advance to students, and will account for 30% of the final grade.

c) In-Class Assessment Activities: to be carried out in groups of two or three students, depending on class size and as determined in advance by the lecturer. These activities may include an oral justification or discussion component and will account for 340% of the final grade.

The final grade (FG) is calculated as the sum of the three assessment components. Students who obtain a final grade of 10 (ten) or higher on the 0-20 grading scale will pass the course.

Requirements:
a) This assessment method is only available to students who register for it through the link to be made available on Nonio by the deadline specified by the lecturer.
b) Eligibility for this assessment method requires attendance at at least 85% of the classes held prior to the First Test and at least 85% of all classes held during the semester. Absences may only be justified by submitting the appropriate written documentation to the respective lecturer by email within the applicable deadline and in the circumstances legally provided for under Article 24 of the Academic Regulations for the First Cycle of Studies of the IPC.
c) To remain eligible for this assessment method, students must obtain at least 50% of the maximum mark allocated to each of the three assessment components.
Assessment components (a) and (b) are closed-book assessments. Assessment component (c) is open-book and may include an oral justification or discussion, depending on the nature of the activity.

MA2. EXAMINATION-BASED ASSESSMENT

This assessment method consists of a written examination covering the entire course syllabus and comprising theoretical, practical and/or theory-and-practice questions. The examination will take place on the dates established by ISCAC during the official examination periods of the academic year and will have a maximum duration of 2 hours and 30 minutes.

The examination is closed-book, and only a non-graphing calculator may be used.

Eligibility for examination-based assessment is governed by the applicable academic regulations.

The final grade (FG) is calculated as follows:

FG = 100% × Examination Grade

Students who obtain a final grade of 10 (ten) or higher on the 0-20 grading scale will pass the course.

Important Notes:

(1) Under either assessment method, students who obtain a final grade of 15 (fifteen) or higher may be required to undertake an oral examination. Students who are notified that an oral examination is required but fail to attend it will receive a final grade of 14 (fourteen).

(2) Whenever, following the marking of a written assessment, there is objective evidence that raises concerns regarding its authenticity or whether the work accurately reflects the student's own knowledge, the student will be required to undertake an oral verification examination before a panel comprising the lecturer responsible for the course and two lecturers from the relevant academic field. If the examination panel concludes, on duly substantiated grounds, that the student does not demonstrate the level of knowledge evidenced in the written examination, or in the event of an unjustified absence from the oral examination, the written examination shall be deemed null and void.

NAO