Presentation of Accounts and Financial Report

Intermediate level syllabus is taught in the Financial reporting course, which requires the knowledge/skills taught in the Financial Accounting I and Financial Accounting II courses.

The teaching methodology is based on a student-centered approach, structured in the following methods:

ME1. Interactive Theoretical-Practical Lecture

ME2. Problem Solving and Exercises

ME3. Active Learning Activities

The “Accountability and Financial Reporting” course has the following Learning Objectives (LOs):

LO1 – Understand the main components and operations associated with equity.

LO2 – Distinguish between accounting policies, changes in accounting estimates, and errors, and identify their effects on accounting procedures.

LO3 – Apply the recognition, measurement, and disclosure criteria related to provisions, contingent liabilities and assets, and events after the balance sheet date.

LO4 – Prepare and interpret the complete set of Financial Statements, especially the Statement of Changes in Equity, the Statement of Cash Flows, and the Notes to the Financial Statements.

LO5 – Understand the accountability process, the applicable legal requirements, and the evolution of corporate reporting, including non-financial and sustainability reporting.

LO6 – Understand the relationship between accounting profit, available profit, and taxable income, identifying the main differences.

The competencies (C) to be developed by students are as follows:

C1 – Technical competence: ability to perform the accounting registration of corporate operations and ensure compliance with applicable accounting standards.

C2 – Critical thinking: ability to assess the impact of changes in accounting policies, errors, and events after the balance sheet date on the entity’s financial position.

C3 – Communication: develop oral presentation skills and technical justification regarding the reporting and accountability options of an entity.

C4 – Responsibility: ability to act ethically and responsibly in the handling of business information.

P1 – Equity Operations.

1.1. Legal and Accounting Framework

1.1.1. Corporations and the Law.

1.1.2. Accounting Concepts of Capital

1.1.3. Incorporation of Companies

1.2. Capital Modifications.

1.2.1. Capital Increase.

1.2.2. Treasury Shares (Quotas).

1.3. Application of Results – Corporate and Accounting Aspects

1.4. Revaluation of Non-Current Assets

P2 – Accounting Policies, Changes in Estimates and Errors.

2.1 Changes in Accounting Policies.

2.2 Changes in Accounting Estimates.

2.3 Errors from Prior Periods.

P3 – Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets

3.1. Provisions

3.2. Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets

P4 – Events after the Balance Sheet Date

P5 – Statement of Changes in Equity

5.1. – Objectives and Structure.

5.2. – Preparation and Interpretation

P6 – Statement of Cash Flows

6.1. – Objectives and Structure.

6.2. – Preparation and Interpretation.

P7 – Financial Reporting and Accountability

7.1. Legal obligation to provide financial reports.

7.2. Financial reporting documents.

7.3. Corporate reporting and its evolution.

P8 – Non-Financial Reporting

8.1. – Sustainability reporting.

8.2. – Corporate governance

P9 – From Financial Reporting to Tax Reporting

9.1. – From accounting result to available profit.

9.2. – From accounting result to tax base – deferred taxes.

In accordance with the Academic Regulations for the 1st Cycle of Studies at the Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, students may choose from the following assessment methods:

1) CONTINUOUS/PERIODIC ASSESSMENT:

For this form of assessment, student attendance in classes is mandatory, as per the Regulations, as follows:

- students applying for this form of assessment may not have more than three absences between the start of attendance counting and the first assessment, nor more than three absences between the first and second assessments;

- absences during classes, if they fall under the situations foreseen in article 24 of the Academic Regulations for the 1st Cycle of Studies at the Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, may be justified and will not be counted towards attendance.

This methodology is based on the combination of the following assessment elements:

MA1. - 50% - Completion of two assessment tests (attendance exams), each worth five points (25%). The two attendance exams are not subject to obtaining a minimum grade.

MA2. - 20% - Completion of four brief classroom activities, each worth one point (5%).

MA3. - 30% - Oral presentation/exposition of a work based on a programmatic point, worth six points (30%).

AI Guideline: Level 2 Allowed (AI as a tool to support research, writing, and structuring examples). Submission of a declaration of AI use is mandatory, listing the prompts used and recording the student's critical intervention.

The grade obtained in the MA3 assessment component will be maintained in all final assessment moments in which the student participates. Failure to present the PP orally, as it is mandatory, implies the student's withdrawal from the distributed knowledge assessment method (article 12, § 4, of the Regulations).

The student's final grade (CF) is obtained by applying the following formula:

CF = [50% * MA1] + [20% * MA2] + [30% * MA3].

The student will pass if they achieve a final grade, rounded to the nearest whole number, equal to or greater than 10 (ten) points.

2) ASSESSMENT BY EXAMINATION:

MA4. The final knowledge assessment will consist of an individual written exam and an individual oral exam, with a maximum duration of one hour (article 14 of the Regulations, in conjunction with article 22, § 8, of the Academic Regulations of the 1st Cycle of Studies of the Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra). The written exam, with a maximum duration of two hours and thirty minutes (article 15, § 2, subparagraph b), of the Regulations), will cover all chapters of the program.

The final grade results from a weighting of 70% for the written assessment and 30% for the oral assessment. The written assessment is mandatory for all students covered by the final knowledge assessment regime. A final oral exam may be required, as stipulated in the Regulations, if the student obtains a grade of fourteen points or higher on the written exam. The student's absence from the oral exam will result in the written exam grade being set at fourteen points.

In the final knowledge assessment regime, for the purpose of passing the course unit, the aforementioned individual oral exam is mandatory (Article 12, No. 4, of the Regulations), except for students transitioning from the distributed assessment regime, to whom the grade obtained in the MA3 assessment methodology will be assigned, for the purposes of the oral component, valued at 30%. Failure to take the oral exam will result in the student being unable to pass the course (Article 12, § 4, of the Regulations).

A student will pass if they achieve a final grade, rounded to the nearest whole number, equal to or higher than 10 (ten) points.

Note - In the event of well-founded suspicion of fraud detected during the exam correction phase, the student will be summoned to take an oral exam to verify the knowledge and skills demonstrated. This verification is carried out by a panel composed of the UC professor and two other professors from the same area. If the student fails to prove that they possess the knowledge and skills demonstrated in the written exam, the exam will be annulled.

NAO