Geotechnics

As this is the first course in the Geotechnics and Foundations programme, no specific knowledge is recommended beyond a command of basic mathematics and physics concepts.

Nas aulas TP usa-se o método expositivo e inquisitivo durante a explicação dos assuntos teóricos e resolvem- se exercícios em grupo e individualmente. Os alunos têm de realizar trabalhos práticos de tratamento e interpretação de resultados de ensaios na aula laboratorial. Nas aulas OT é feito o acompanhamento dos alunos, através do esclarecimento de dúvidas, resolução de exercícios e orientação no tratamento de resultados de ensaios. Realizar-se-ão visitas de estudo sempre que possível.

Objectives: Identification of the most common types of soils and rocks. Laboratory determination of basic physical indices and soil classification tests. Main methods of reconnaissance and prospecting of rock masses.

Generic Skills: Ability to comprehend, analyse and synthesise. Application of knowledge to problem solving, individually and in groups.

Specific Competencies: Mastery of theoretical and practical concepts of Engineering Geology, Soil Mechanics and Rock Mechanics and their application in solving problems in structures and geotechnical works.

Theoretical programme

1. Analysis and classification of rocks. Classification. Portuguese lithology. Weathering. Soil formation. Alterability. Alteration: descriptive methods, mechanical methods (RQD), etc. Discontinuities. Soil/rock distinction. Geomechanical parameters. Massifs.

2. Soil analysis and classification. Three-phase system; physical indices. Granulometric analysis. Plasticity and consistency limits. Classifications: Unified and road.

3. Reconnaissance and prospecting. Existing information. Photo interpretation. Remote sensing. Surface reconnaissance. Plan. Mechanical methods: Soundings. Trenches, galleries and wells. Sample collection. Geophysical methods. Seismic, electrical, electromagnetic, magnetic and gravimetric methods. Cross-hole. Seismic tomography.

Laboratory Programme

1. Observation and identification of rocks;

2. Tests (groups of students): water content (NP-84 and Speedy), solid particle density, sand bottle and extractor, granulometric analysis, consistency limits;

3. Geological maps.

NAO