Sistemas de Energia Elétrica

Linear Algebra, Calculus, Electromagnetism, Electrical Circuit Theory 

The teaching methodologies, that promote active and collaborative learning, follow a temporal sequence that enables students to acquire theoretical concepts, solve a set of exercises and carry out practical case studies.

Goals: Electrical Power Systems (EPS) is a course designed for students of all branches of electrical engineering, and it’s a standard content. Students begin by learning a general description of an EPS in the aspects of production, transmission, distribution and consumption. Then, mathematical models of the major components are developed. That will allow the learning of basic analysis tools, in this case the power flow analysis. Finally, protection systems and SCADA is studied in a more descriptive way. In practical classes, are presented and studied problems that allow the students gradually consolidate the knowledge that was given in theoretical lectures. Here, concepts of financial and economic analysis are also presented, that allow students to understand how the electricity price it’s formed.

Skills: Understand the organization, operating principles and mode of operation of an Electric Power System (EPS). Know the basic tools for modelling and analysis of an EPS. Know how to model the different components of an EPS (transformers, synchronous machines, electric power lines and loads). Learn how to solve the power flow problem (Gauss-Seidel method, Newton-Raphson method, Fast Decouple Load Flow method and DC model). Know the equipment and operating principles of the protection systems of an EPS. Understand and apply concepts of financial and economic analysis in determining the costs of producing electricity.

1. Fundamental concepts of Electric Power Systems (EPS): overview of an EPS; organization of the electric sector; forms of electricity production and its environmental impacts; load diagrams; fundamentals of analysis of power grids.
2. Study and modelling of the system components: transformers; synchronous machine; transmission lines; loads.
3. Analysis of power flow: per unit system; construction of admittance matrix; basic equations of a power flow; Gauss-Seidel method; Newton-Raphson method; decoupling principle and Fast Decoupled Power Flow (FDLF) method; DC model.
4. Protection systems fundamentals: types of short-circuits; protection systems; surges; protection with voltage dischargers; insulation coordination.
5. Concepts of economic and financial analysis: value for money; cost of energy produced; market prices; economic evaluation of investment.
6. Introduction to SCADA and Control Centres, EMS/DMS, importance and functions.

The evaluation can be done during the semester or in the final exam. All students enrolled in the course unit have access to the intermediate assessment tests, provided that the number of unexcused absences (theoretical and theoretical-practical) does not exceed 30% of the classes actually taught. Students excused from continuous assessment are assessed only by final examination.
During the semester two intermediate assessment tests will be carried out being each test is ranked from 0 to 20 values. The student obtains approval, in each intermediate test, if he/she obtains a classification equal or greater than 9.5 values being mandatory to achieve a minimum grade of 3.0 values in each part (theoretical and practical). Students approved in intermediate tests are excused from answering the final exam. The final grade will result from the arithmetic mean of the classifications obtained. The evaluation of the theoretical part is presented in the form of multiple choice questions and essay questions. The evaluation of the theoretical-practical part is composed by application exercises, being allowed the consultation of a formulas sheet, provided by the professors. The final classification is obtained by weighting the results of theoretical and theoretical-practical intermediate tests, being mandatory to reach a grade equal or greater than 9.5 values.
The final exam is ranked from 0 to 20 values and is mandatory to achieve a minimum grade of 3.0 values in each part (theoretical and practical). It is required for approval a value greater or equal to 9.5 in the written final exam.

Continuous assessment
First assessment, TE1: Theoretical Part 50% and Theoretical-Practical Part 50%
Second assessment, TE2: Theoretical Part 50% and Theoretical-Practical Part 50%
CF (Final grade) = 0.5 TE1 + 0.5 TE2

Assessment by Exam
Exam - Theoretical Part, ET
Exam - Theoretical-Practical Part, ETP
CF (Final grade) = 0.5 ET + 0.5 ETP

Dates of the partial assessment tests:

The dates of the Assessments will be scheduled according to the Course Committee.

NAO