Biotechnology and Bio refinery

BSc second year in the course complete.

The great development of the area has occurred in recent years, as well as the scientific advance in the area makes the most relevant part of the knowledge in the area is published in scientific articles in magazine, and there is still little literature updated on the subject. Thus, scientific articles are used, as well as databases as the main source of knowledge, complementing whenever possible with experimental demonstrations and / or pilot unit.

The fossil raw materials have been over the last few decades an inexpensive source starting materials, necessary for the manufacture of many products customary to modern society. The beginning of the century was marked by an increase in oil demand and consumption due to high global economic growth, especially in the East. In the same period, the discovery of new oil and gas reserves of significant size was disappointing. In addition, political instability and war occurred in geographically important areas for oil production. On the other hand the gaseous emissions are in question the climate of the planet. In this context, new solutions for the replacement of all oil-related products have been actively sought, while at the same time seeking to monetize waste and waste. To this end, Biomass is the only renewable product capable of serving as a source of raw materials for a wide range of end products. The relevant scientific area in the attempt to transform biomass into end products usef

Biomass as a source of renewable raw materials. Role of Biotechnology in its development.
Biomass:
Chemical and physical composition of biomass.
Thermal decomposition of biomass: bio-oil, pyrolysis and synthesis gas “syngas”. Association with the Fischer-Tropsch case. Biotechnological possibilities and problems.
Acid / enzymatic decomposition: partial hydrolysis of biomass. Pulp, its decomposition. Technical problems.
Microcrystalline cellulose. Obtaining oligosaccharides. Uses in the food and pharmaceutical industry.
Acid and enzymatic saccharification. Natural models: the digestive system of the termite and the rumimants.
Hemicellulose: hydrolysis, uses. Reduction to xylitol. Use and value of xylitines
Obtaining cellulases: obtaining and industrial relevance.
Residues and biomass: food with a high content of polysaccharides, residual lignin cellulosic materials, use of waste: eg. whey Use of sugar cane (Brazil) and cereals (USA).
Methods of ethanol preparation: alcoholic fermentatio

• - Apresentação por parte dos alunos de trabalho em área afim. - 100.0%

• - Apresentação por parte dos alunos de trabalho em área afim. - 100.0%

NAO