Case Studies in Musculoskeletal System

The case study method is characterized by the choice of systematic procedures for the description and explanation of a given situation under study and its choice must be based on two basic criteria: the nature of the objective to which it applies and the objective that is taken into account. seen in the study. The theoretical-practical, written and verbal knowledge of the subjects taught will allow the recognition of the relevant Imagiological signs of pathological and congenital situations.

The teaching will allow exploring, describing, explaining, evaluating and/or transforming the contents of the program. Theoretical-practical classes aim to analyze knowledge of the different modalities of medical imaging. In the practical aspect, students should apply and evaluate the knowledge acquired in solving specific cases and understand the event under study and at the same time develop more generic theories about the observed phenomenon. Development of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) methodology in a pedagogical climate of continuous training, transdisciplinary application of the knowledge integrated throughout previous training. In this evaluation component, the student must participate in all the tasks of the method.

The student must acquire knowledge about:

• The different modalities of Medical Imaging of the Central Nervous System in normal and pathological situations

• Identification of Imaging signs and recognizing their alterations.

The student must acquire skills to:

• Assess pathological changes in different imaging modalities

• Proceed in accordance with the establishment of the appropriate diagnosis within the multidisciplinary team in which it belongs.

The student must acquire skills to:

• Support in the selection of the most suitable imaging exam for each pathology

• Adapt the protocol to clinical information

• Identify imaging changes

• Evaluate the results of exams performed

• Proceed in accordance with established Good Practices.

Central Nervous System – Imaging methods and their applicability: – General Radiology – Computed Tomography – Magnetic Resonance.

– Angiography- SPECT- PET-CT- Gamma Camera

Imaging signs in the Central Nervous System of brain, spinal and neuro-axis pathologies and their clinical framework. Approach to normal brain and spinal cord development, vascular pathologies, trauma, neoplasms, infections and white and gray matter alterations.

NAO

Primary Bibliography

LE BIHAN, Denis – Functional MRI of the brain : principles and applications. . vol. XIII, nº 50 (Abr./Jun. 2001)

ATLAS, Scott W., ed. lit. – Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and spine. 4th ed. Philadelphia : Wolters Kluwer/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, cop. 2009. 2 vol. (xvi, 1890, I-17 p.]. ISBN 978-0-7817-6985-3

SARTOR, Klaus ; HAEHNEL, Stefan ; KRESS, Bodo – Brain imaging. [1st ed.]. Stuttgart ; New York : Thieme, cop. 2008. VIII, 300 p.. ISBN 978-3-13-143961-1

BOGDUK, Nikolai ; TWOMEY, Lance T. – Clinical anatomy of the lumbar spine. 2nd ed. Melbourne [etc.] : Churchill Livingstone, 1991. IX, [1], 197 p.. ISBN 0-443-04339-6

KRAEMER, Juergen [et al.] – MR-imaging of the lumbar spine : a teaching atlas. ed. rev. Stuttgart : Thieme, 2003. IX, 202 p.. ISBN 978-3-13-130091-4

HOSTEN, Norbert ; LIEBIG, Thomas – CT of the head and spine. Stuttgart; New York : Thieme, 2002. XI, 436 p.. ISBN 978-3-13-126711-9

DEZAWA, Akira ; ; CHEN, Po-Quang ; ; CHUNG, Jae-Yoon, ed. lit. – State of the Art for minimally invasive spine surgery. Tokyo ; Berlin ; Heidelberg, etc., 2005. 1 disco óptico (CD-ROM). ISBN 4-431-01248-6

JANSSEN, Karen ; ; RINCK, Peter A. ; ; RODENBURG, Anne, ed. lit. – Understanding MRI [Documento electrónico] : an interactive guide to MRI principles and applications. Nederland, 2001. 1 disco óptico (CD-ROM

BERRY, Elizabeth ; BULPITT, Andrew – Fundamentals of MRI : an interactive learning approach. Boca Raton ; London ; New York : CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group, cop. 2009. xvii, 298 p.. ISBN 978-1-58488-901-4

LE BIHAN, Denis – Diffusion MRI : principles and applications. . vol. XIII, nº 50 (Abr./Jun. 2001