Heat Transfer

Thermodynamics; Fluid Mechanics.

During the semester are carried out visits to the Laboratories of ISEC which are considered relevant to this course, in order to motivate students to the contents. At the theoretical classes, content is usually exposed and developed using audiovisual equipment. At the theoretical-practical classes, a theoretical introduction is initially made and then typical problems are solved.

The aim of this curricular unit is to convey to students the concepts of heat transfer relevant to the Mechanical Engineering Degree, so that they can acquire the required skills. At the end of this course students should be able to:  Understand the various mechanisms of heat transfer;  Identify, formulate and solve engineering problems involving heat transfer; Participate in the design of equipment and thermal systems.

1 – Introduction
Heat transfer modes. Rate equations. Principle of conservation of energy. Methodology of analysis of heat transfer problems. Relevance of heat transfer.

2 – Introduction to Heat Conduction
The conduction rate equation. Thermal properties of matter. Heat diffusion equation. Boundary and initial conditions.

3 – One-Dimensional Steady State Conduction
Plane wall: temperature distribution, thermal resistances, composite wall, contact resistance. Analogy between the diffusion of heat and electrical conduction. Cylindrical systems.

4 – One-Dimensional Transient Conduction
Biot Number. Lumped capacitance method. Heisler and Gröber charts.

5 – Thermal Convection
Physical mechanisms of convection. Boundary layers. Convection heat transfer coefficient. Empirical correlations: forced convection; natural convection.

6 – Heat Exchangers
Types and modes of operation. The overall heat transfer coefficient. Analysis and selection of heat exchangers.

7 – Thermal Radiation
Fundamental concepts. Radiation intensity. Blackbody Radiation: Planck distribution; Stefan-Boltzmann and Wien laws. Surface emission, absorption, reflection and transmission. Kirchhoff’s law. Gray surfaces. Radiation exchange between surfaces: View factor. View factor relations.

NAO

Recommended Bibiography:

INCROPERA, F.P.; DEWITT, D.P. (2003).  Fundamentos de Transferência de Calor e de Massa, LTC Editora, 5ª Edição. ISBN: 85-216-1378-4.

INCROPERA, F.P.; DEWITT, D.P. (2001).  Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer – John Wiley & Sons, 5ª Edição. ISBN: 0471386502.

ÇENGEL, Y.A. (1998). Heat Transfer: A Practical Approach, WCB McGraw-Hill. ISBN: 0-07-115223-7.

VAZ, G.C. (2024). Transmissão de Calor – Apontamentos. Available at the official ISEC digital platform.

PAIS, M.L.I. (2024). Transmissão de Calor – Apontamentos. Available at the official ISEC digital platform.