Base Knowledge
Fundamental knowledge of Fluid Mechanics.
Teaching Methodologies
Lectures: Lectures with conventional exposure of the syllabus by audiovisual means.
Lectures/Problem solving: a set of typical problems is solved. An additional set of problems is also provided to the students in order to support the unaccompanied study hours.
Learning Results
– Provide a wide perspective of the various types of hydraulic machines (pumps, fans and turbines).
– Learn the theoretical fundamentals necessary to characterize the studied machines in order to describe their operating principles;
– Provide knowledge to correctly define the guiding parameters of selection;
– Identify the main domains and fields of application of the different types of pumps, fans and turbines.
Program
1. Introduction: Definition and classification of Turbomachines (TM).
2. Dimensional Analysis: Theory and types of similitude. Buckingham Pi Theorem. Dimensionless coefficients.
3. Global characteristics: Efficiency of pumps and turbines. Specific velocity. Standard machines. Geometry definition. Cordier diagram. Characteristic curves of the TM and of the system. Operating point of the system. Parable of the equivalent points.
4. Cavitation: Cavitation damage in pumps and turbines. Net positive suction head (NPSH). Dimensionless coefficients. Typical values of the specific velocity. Effects and ways to avoid cavitation.
5. Hydraulic turbines: Domains of applications of Pelton, Francis and Kaplan turbines. Main components. Geometric and effective head. Theoretical, hydraulic and effective power. Action (impulse) and reaction turbines. Degree of reaction.
6. Pumps: Centrifugal pumps. Manometric and effective head rise. Hydraulic, effective and mechanical (shaft) power. Types of pumps.
Curricular Unit Teachers
Internship(s)
NAO
Bibliography
Recommended Bibliography:
– Mendes, J. C. A. F. (2005). Apontamentos Teóricos de Máquinas Hidráulicas. ISEC, Coimbra. (in portuguese)
– Oliveira, A. V. M. (2017). Máquinas Hidráulicas – Análise Dimensional, Teorema de Buckingham, Teoria da
Semelhança: Texto de Estudo Complementar. ISEC, Coimbra. (in portuguese)
– Oliveira, A. V. M. (2022). Máquinas Hidráulicas: Diapositivos das Aulas Teóricas, ISEC, Coimbra. (in
portuguese)
– Oliveira, A. V. M. (2022). Máquinas Hidráulicas: Caderno de Problemas, ISEC, Coimbra. (in portuguese)
– Quintela, A. C. (1981). Hidráulica. Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian, Lisboa. (in portuguese)
– Massey, B. S. (1968). Mechanics of Fluids. Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, London.
Additional Bibliography:
– White, F. M. (1979). Fluid Mechanics, International Student Edition, McGraw Hill. ISBN 0-07-069667-5.
– Oliveira, L. A., & Lopes, A. G. (2020). Mecânica dos Fluidos. Lidel, 6ª Edição, ISBN: 978-989- 752-492-9. (in
portuguese)
– Henriques, A. G. (2016). Barragens, Sociedade e Ambiente. Esfera do Caos, ISBN: 978-989-680-172-4 (in
portuguese)