Medical Emergency

Anatomy, Physiology, Pathology.

Exhibition method using audio-visual media and anatomical models/mannequins.

Four-stage method.

Groups of students are formed for resolution, classroom simulation and practical cases.

This is to clarify problems and doubts and to monitor the level of awareness of the issues and difficulties encountered.

The student must acquire knowledge in the following areas:
* Basic Life Support (BLS) with AED.
* Advanced life support (ALS)
* Procedure for polytrauma victims
* Dealing with the intoxicated victim
* Dealing with severe medical emergencies

The student must acquire the following skills:
* Identification of the victim in cardiac and respiratory arrest.
* Identification of critical victims
* Identification of trauma victims

The student must acquire the following skills:
* Perform SBC
* Assist with SBC
* Immobilise trauma victims
* Assist in the stabilisation of a critical victim

INEM Presentation.

INEM: CODU / VMER / HELI.

Universal safety and precautions.

Assessment of adults according to ABCDE.

Airway concept. Oxygen. Endotracheal intubation.

Airway obstruction. Protocol of action.

Recognition of cardiac arrest (CRP). Cardiopulmonary resuscitation in adults and children. Basic life support (SBV) and DAE algorithm.

Safe lateral position (PLS).

General terms of Advanced Life Support (SAV). Defibrillatable and non-defibrillatable rhythms. Reversible causes. Action protocols.

Peri-stop dysrhythmias: ventricular tachycardia, supraventricular tachycardia, atrial fibrillation and bradyarrhythmia. Action protocols.

The management of patients with anaphylaxis and acute coronary syndromes.

The management of patients with COPD, asthma and acute pulmonary oedema.

The management of patients with shock: hypovolaemic, cardiogenic, distributive and obstructive shock of extracardiac origin.

The treatment of patients with anaphylactic reaction/shock.

The management of the poisoned patient: Poisoning with opioids, paraquat, organophosphates and benzodiazepines. Antidote.

The approach to polytrauma patients: TBI, chest trauma, abdominal trauma, pelvic trauma, spinal trauma.

Immobilisation, lifting and rolling of the trauma victim.

NAO

PRIMARY:

– Jean D. Wilson. Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine. 12th Ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1991.

SECONDARY:

– Gavin D. Perkins, Jan-Thorsen Grasner, Federico Semeraro et al. on behalf of the European Resuscitation Council Guideline Collaborators. European Resuscitation Council Guidelines 2021. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2021.02.003.

– INEM’s Manual of Basic Life Support (BLS) Version 2.0. – 1st Edition 2012. Available at: Suporte-Básico-de-Vida.pdf (inem.pt)

– INEM’s Manual of Advanced Life Support (ALS) Version 2.0. – 1st Edition 2020. Available at: Manual-Suporte-Avancado-de-Vida-2020.pdf (inem.pt)

– INEM’s Manual of Emergency Traumas. 1st Edition 2012. Available at: Emergências-Trauma.pdf (inem.pt)