Physics

Knowledge of fundamental math (12th degree) .

The course comprises:

– 1 lecture of 1 hour per week where the professor summarily exposes the syllabus content;

– 1 theoretical-practice lesson of 1 hour per week where the teacher applies the physics concepts, presented in the previous lecture, to understand practical examples related to the field of Pharmacy, and shows to the student how to apply these concepts in problem solving;

– 1 theoretical-practice lesson of 1 hour a week, where students are invited to solve practical exercices with the support of their teacher. These exercices are intended to be related with the field of Pharmacy, so that physics concepts can be used to clarify these phenomena from a scientific view. They are also important to develop effective analysis and problem solving skills.

The curricular unit of Physics aims to provide Pharmacy students with a solid foundation in the fundamental concepts of Physics that are relevant in the practice of their future profession. This unit will be focused in the areas of mechanics and fluid mechanics, molecular and ionic diffusion, spectroscopy and optics, regarding the comprehension of the physics of biological phenomena and of the instrumental methods of analysis . Also the fundamental concepts in the field of Nuclear Physics will be learned, with a special emphasis on its relation with radiopharmaceuticals. At the same time we will be transmitting the intellectual understanding and accuracy mechanisms underlying the scientific method, which so clearly transpire in the field of Physics

1 – Mechanics of Fluids (12h)

Units and dimensions – physical quantities; systems of units

Hydrostatic; Density; Hydrostatic pressure; Fundamental law of hydrostatic; Archimede’s principle; Hydrostatic potential energy; applications of Hydrostatic concepts and laws to hemostatic and laboratory techniques.

 Hydrodynamics (nonviscous flow) – Flow: stationary and turbulent flows; viscous and nonviscous fluids; Continuity equation; Volume flow rate; Bernoulli equation; Applications of Hydrodynamic concepts and laws to hemodynamics and laboratory techniques.

 Surface phenomena – microscopic conception, surface tension concept; Laplace’s law; interfacial tensions; contact angle and capillarity; applications to the mechanics of blood vessels and membranes.

2. Molecular and ionic diffusion (14 hours)

Diffusion phenomena – diffusion and convection; Diffusion flux; concentration gradient; Fick’s law; permeability of homogeneous and porous membranes; Diffusion forces; chemical potential; molecular mobility; Laboratory application (filtration);

Ionic diffusion – electrical charge, charge density; electrostatic force and field; Electrostatic potential and energy; electrical mobility; electrochemical potential; ionic flux; Nernst equation; Nernst-Planck and Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz equations; Laboratory applications; Bioelectricity of the celular membrane: resting potential, action potential, nervous impulses.

3. Nuclear physics; atomic physics and spectroscopy (16 hours)

Nuclear binding energy and stability of the nucleus, radioactive decay, possible radiation radiation decays (alpha, beta, gamma), half life, decay constant of a radioactive sample, natural background and Man-made radiation, biological effects of radiation, dose, effective dose, detectors.  

Electromagnetic radiation – electromagnetic spectrum, photon, Einstein’s relation;

EM radiation and matter – Energy quantization in matter, state transition, radiation absoption and emission; linear attenuation coefficient; Law of the exponential attenuatio; Beer-Lambert law;

Atomic and molecular spectroscopy – V-UV spectroscopy: electronic states, transitions; vibrational and rotational spectroscopy: vibrational and rotational states, transitions; Introduction to Raman and NMR spectroscopy.

NAO

TIPLER e MOSCA, Física para Cientistas e Engenheiros (5ª ed.) – volumes 1, 2 e 3

Publisher: LTC – Livros Técnicos e Científicos Editora Lda

Publication Year: 2006

GIANCOLI, Physics: Principles with Applications, Global Edition

Publisher: Pearson Education

Publication Year: 2015

DURÁN, Biofísica – Fundamentos e Aplicações

Publisher: Makron Books / Prentice Hall

Publication Year: 2003

PEDROSO DE LIMA, Biofísica Médica

Publisher: Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra

Publication Year: 2002

Secondary bibliography:

Mansoor Amiji, Applied Physical Pharmacy

Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education

Ano de Edição: 2014