Power Systems Supervision and Control

Electric Power Systems, Power Systems Analysis, Matlab/Simulink

The teaching methodologies, that promote active and collaborative learning, follow a temporal sequence that enables students to acquire theoretical concepts, solve a set of exercises and carry out practical case studies. In order to analyze some complex engineering problems dedicated software is introduced to the students. 

Goals
The main aims of this course unit are:
To understand and explain the SCADA/EMS/DMS.
To understand the main load forecasting techniques.
To understand and explain the automatic generation control and carry out a small-signal analysis of a multi-area system.
To understand and to explain dynamic mechanisms behind angle stability problems in electric power systems, including physical phenomena, modelling issues and simulations.
To understand the weighted least-squares state estimation method of an electric power system.
To understand the main issues related to the integration of alternative sources of energy into the electric power grid

Skills
At the end of this course unit the learner is expected to be able:
To understand the main functions and issues involved in different activities associated with power systems supervision and control.
To design, conduct experiments and solve practical real-world issues in power systems control and operation.
To identify, formulate and solve engineering problems related to power system control and stability.
To communicate in a professional and technical manner, both in written and oral form, the subjects related to this course.

1. Supervision, control and protection of a Power System: Control Centres, Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA), Energy Management Systems (EMS), Distribution Management Systems (DMS)

2. Load forecast

3. Electric Power Systems State Estimation: Introduction to State Estimation in Power Systems; Weighted Least Squares Estimation; State Estimation of an AC Network; Fast Decoupled State Estimation Methods; State Estimation by Orthogonal Decomposition; Network Observability and Pseudo-measurements, Detection and Identification of Bad Measurements

4. Control in Power Systems: Load Frequency Control, Frequency Secondary Control, Automatic Generation Control, AGC in a Single Area System and in a Multiarea System, Tertiary Control; Reactive Power and Voltage Control, Voltage Control Mechanisms, Excitation System Stabilizer, PID Controller, AGC Including Excitation System

5. Electric Power Systems Stability: State Transition Diagram; Steady-state and Transient Stability; Multimachine Time Domain Solution by Numerical Integration; Classic Model and Detailed Model of the electric power network components; Techniques to Improve the Transient Stability of an EPS; Voltage Stability; Frequency Stability

6. Integration of Renewable Energy in Electric Power Systems

NAO

Mandatory literature (available in the ISEC library)
– Paiva, J. P. (2007). Redes de Energia Eléctrica, uma Análise Sistémica (2ª ed.). IST Press.
  Cota: 1-2-264 e 1-2-262 (two books avaiable)
– Grainger, J. J., & Stevenson, W. D. (1994). Power System Analysis. McGraw-Hill.
  Cota: 1-2-193

Complementary Bibliography
– Saadat, H. (2011). Power System Analysis (2nd ed.). McGraw-Hill.
– Castro, R., & Pedro, E. (2015). Exercício de Redes e Sistemas de Energia Eléctrica (2ª ed.). IST Press.
– Gómez-Expósito, A., Conejo, A. J., & Canizares, C. (2018). Electric Energy Systems: Analysis and Operation (2nd ed.). CRC Press.
– Wood, A., Wollenberg, B., & Sheblé, G. (2013). Power Generation, Operation and Control (3rd ed.). Wiley.
– Fox, B., Bryans, L., Flynn, D., Jenkins, N., Milborrow, D., O’Malley, M., Watson, R., & Anaya-Lara, O. (2014). Wind Power Integration: Connection and system operational aspects (2nd ed.). IET.
– Thomas, M. S., & McDonald, J. D. (2015). Power System SCADA and Smart Grids. CRC Press.

Available Support Material
Lecture notes, notes of practical classes and examples of practical exercises.