Redes de Computadores I

No recommended basic knowledge.

The following teaching methodologies are used in this course unit:

1. Expository method: explanatory method where theoretical foundations and concepts are presented by the teacher and discussed with the class. Concepts and information will be presented to students through, for example, slide presentations or oral discussions. It will be used in classes to structure and outline the information.

2. Demonstrative method: based on the example given by the teacher of a technical or practical operation that one wishes to be learned. It focuses on how a given operation is carried out, highlighting the most appropriate techniques, tools and equipment. It will be used, for example, in practical and laboratory classes.

3. Interrogative method: process based on verbal interactions, under the direction of the teacher, adopting the format of questions and answers. It allows for greater dynamics in the classroom and consolidates learning. It will be used, for example, to remember elements of previous classes and in revisions of the lectured content.

4. Active methods: pedagogical techniques will be used in which the student is the center of the learning process, being an active participant and involved in his own training. The teacher assumes the role of facilitator, stimulating critical thinking, collaboration, creativity and student autonomy. They will be applied in classes to achieve a dynamic and more lasting learning environment.

At the end of the course unit, the student will be able to:

1. Explain the composition and characteristics of communication networks. Illustrate the main historical points in the history of the Internet. Identify the components of a network. Classify the different types of communication networks. Define Intranets and Extranets. Differentiate between physical and logical network topologies. Compare the types of communication. Analyze the importance of scalability and quality of service (QoS). Recognize the different standardization organizations. Evaluate its impact on standards development. Describe standardization activities.

2. Explain the different communication architectures. Explain the relationship between services and protocols. Describe the layers of the OSI model. Analyze the layers of the TCP/IP architecture. Relate standardization organizations with the layers of the TCP/IP model in which they operate. Define Protocol Data Units (PDU). Identify the PDU associated with each layer. Explain the encapsulation process. Analyze the types of addressing in the TCP/IP architecture. Identify the address associated with each layer.

3. Explain the characteristics of the Network Access layer. Explain the characteristics of the Physical layer. Analyze wired and wireless transmission media. Explain the characteristics of the Data Link layer. Summarize the properties of the sublayers of the Data Link layer. Synthesize the methods for medium access. Illustrate how the CSMA/CD method works. Analyze the different existing network topologies. Summarize the principles of Ethernet technology. Analyze the frame format and transmission process. Explain the role of MAC addresses. Justify the importance of structured cabling. Illustrate the concepts of collision and broadcast domains. Explain the principles of switching. Demonstrate the function of the MAC Address Table. Analyze the characteristics of VLANs. Summarize VLAN interconnection (InterVLAN). Illustrate the role of the STP protocol.

4. Explain the characteristics of the Network layer. Analyze the IP protocol (Internet Protocol). Identify the IPv4 header fields. Explain the IPv4 addressing. Identify the different types of transmission and addresses in IPv4. Use subnetting to create subnets. Differentiate between static and dynamic IPv4 network configuration. Identify the IPv6 header fields. Explain the IPv6 addressing. Identify the different types of transmission and addresses in IPv6. Differentiate between static and dynamic IPv6 network configuration. Indicate the role of the routing table. Explain the routing process, including static routes and the operation of routing protocols (RIP, OSPF). Indicate the role and operation of the ARP protocol. Identify the different types of ICMP messages and their applications. Summarize how the NAT protocol works.

5. Explain the characteristics of the Transport layer. Describe the segmentation process in data transmission. Analyze the header structure and applications of the UDP protocol (User Datagram Protocol). Analyze the header structure and applications of the TCP protocol. Explain the process of establishing (3-way handshake) and ending a TCP session. Analyze the role of error control techniques in data transmission. Analyze the role of flow control techniques in data transmission. Identify the different types of TCP and UDP ports.

6. Explain the characteristics of the Application layer. Describe the Client/Server and Peer-to-peer paradigms. Summarize the main characteristics of the most relevant application layer protocols. Describe how the HTTP protocol works. Compare the protocols used to send and receive email. Differentiate between the role played by Mail User Agents (MUA), Mail Transfer Agents (MTA) and Mail Delivery Agents (MDA) in the context of email protocols. Explain how the DNS protocol works. Identify the entities involved in the registration and resolution of domains. Describe the steps in the domains registration and resolution process. Describe how the DHCP protocol works. Identify the different messages used by DHCP to automatically obtain the network configuration.

7. Explain the requirements and practices involved in implementing secure communication networks. Design, create and modify communication networks using routing equipment, switching equipment and different operating systems. Analyze security concepts, types of threats and vulnerabilities. Identify attack mitigation techniques. Describe the characteristics of the Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting (AAA) framework and its components. Explain the use of firewalls in network security. Design and create configurations for firewalls considering different network scenarios.

1. Introduction. Evolution of the Internet. Components of a network: types of devices, network media. Types of communication networks: PAN, LAN, MAN, WAN. Intranets and Extranets. Network topologies: physical and logical. Types of communication: unicast, multicast, anycast, broadcast. Scalability and quality of service (QoS). Standards organizations: IETF, IEEE, IANA, ISO, ITU. Standardization activities.

2. Communication architectures. Services and protocols. OSI architecture. Layers: physical, data link, network, transport, session, presentation and application. TCP/IP architecture. Layers: network access, network, transport and application. Purpose of each layer and interactions. Standardization organizations. Protocol Data Units (PDU): segments, packets, frames. Encapsulation process. Addressing: physical addresses (MAC), logical addresses (IP), and ports.

3. Network Access Layer. Sublayers: physical, data link. Physical layer. Wired transmission media: copper cabling (UTP, STP), optical fiber (types, connectors). Wireless communication media: IEEE 802.11 g/n/ac/ad/ax. Data Link layer. Sublayers: LLC, MAC. Methods for controlling access to the medium. CSMA/CD protocol. Topologies. Ethernet technology (IEEE 802.3). Frame format and transmission. MAC addresses. Structured cabling. Equipment: Hub and Switch. Collision and broadcast domains. Switching. MAC Address Table. VLANs. InterVLAN: router-on-a-stick. STP.

4. Network Layer. Internet Protocol (IP). IPv4 protocol. IPv4 header fields. IPv4 addressing. Classes. Mask. Transmission types: unicast, multicast, broadcast. Types of IPv4 addresses: private, public. Subnetting. Static and dynamic configuration (DHCP). IPv6 protocol. IPv6 Header fields. IPv6 addressing. Transmission types: unicast, multicast, anycast. Types of IPv6 addresses: ULA, GUA, LLA. Static and dynamic configuration (SLAAC, Stateless DHCPv6, Stateful DHCPv6). EUI-64 process. Routing table. Routing process: static routes, routing protocols (RIP, OSPF). ARP: functions, operation, ARP table. ICMP: message types, applications. NAT protocol.

5. Transport Layer. Segmentation. UDP protocol (User Datagram Protocol): header, applications. TCP protocol (Transmission Control Protocol): header, applications. Establishment (3-way handshake) and termination of a TCP communication. Control bit flags. Error control (sequence number, acknowledgment number) and flow control (window size) techniques in data transmission. Ports: well-know, registered, private (or dynamic). Sockets.

6. Application Layer. Client/Server and Peer-to-peer paradigms. Protocols: HTTP, SMTP, POP, IMAP, FTP, SNMP, DHCP, DNS, Whois, NTP, TELNET, SSH, SIP, SDP, RTP, RTCP and RADIUS. HTTP protocol: GET, POST, PUT messages. Email protocols: SMTP, POP, IMAP. Mail User Agents (MUA), Mail Transfer Agents (MTA) and Mail Delivery Agents (MDA). DNS protocol: name space (TLD, SLD, Subdomains), name registration (root domain authority, TLDs authorities, registars), name resolution (servers hierarchy, Resource Records (RR), resolution techniques), packet format, commands, configuration. DHCP protocol.

7. Implementation of secure communication networks. Configuration of routing and switching equipment. Configuration of different operating systems (Windows, Linux distributions, IOS). Security. Types of threats and vulnerabilities. Attack mitigation techniques. Authentication, authorization, and accounting (AAA): NAS, IEEE 802.1x, RADIUS. Firewalls (pfSense).

• - Theoretical Test 2 - 25.0%
• - Theoretical Test 1 - 25.0%
• - Report - 50.0%

• - Report - 50.0%
• - Exam - 50.0%

NAO

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