Advanced Methods in Diagnostic Imaging II

 The approach to methods and techniques for performing  Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Bone Densitometry in accordance with good practices will allow the student to consolidate knowledge and gain skills and competences to carry out the exams under study, independently and autonomously, in accordance with to international recommendations.

Students will be tutored, in small groups, by a professional in a real clinical environment. They will simulate among peers, under observation of the tutor, all procedures leading to the performance of MRI and DEXA. The UC will take place at the CHUC Radiology Services, with which ESTeSC has a collaboration protocol.

Classes will be expository with students’ interaction in order to make the procedure known and exercises will be carried out that focus on all stages of the procedures under study, from the preparation of the patient for the procedure, preparation of the exam, indications and contraindications.

Students will be encouraged to apply the theoretical and technical-scientific knowledge acquired throughout the course, using scientific terminology properly, in a simulated clinical environment. All common procedures of Bone Densitometry (DXA) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) should be addressed in order to establish technical-scientific attitudes that will be developed in a real context in the Clinical Internship CU.

The student must acquire knowledge about:

• Methodologies related to performing Bone Densitometry and Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

• Carrying out Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Bone Densitometry procedures, appropriate to the equipment technology, complying with good practices.

• The practice of handling Bone Densitometry and Magnetic Resonance Imaging equipment.

• Differences in the execution of procedures in different clinical contexts.

The student must acquire skills in:

• Evaluate and identify the most appropriate radiological procedure based on clinical information.

• Apply critical thinking in order to facilitate diagnostic decisions related to optimization and diagnostic acceptability.

• Create and manipulate images efficiently and appropriately for the patient and their clinical situation

• Act in accordance with the recommendations from preparing the patient until the end of the procedure.

• Understand the objective and specificity of each procedure and the selection of exposure parameters.

The student must acquire skills in:

• Good conduct in the relationship with the patient in accordance with professional ethical assumptions.

• Apply critical reasoning according to practical results based on scientific evidence.

• Comply with all tasks of a procedure and the decision to perform additional or future procedures.

• Principles of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Bone Densitometry.

• Performing Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the limbs, chest, abdomen, neck, spine and skull.

• Performing Bone Densitometry of the lumbar spine, hip, wrist and entire body.
• Optimization of protocols without neglecting positioning, inclusion, quality, protection and safety criteria.

In a hospital context, under the direct supervision of a supervisor, students will be encouraged to simulate attitudes and procedures among peers.

Bone Densitometry (wrist, hip, lumbar spine and entire body) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (limbs, chest, spine, head and neck) will be simulated, complying with the following assumptions:
• Apply protection standards in relation to the patient and oneself
• Identify data in the registration and verification system

• Identify the most appropriate procedures following according to clinical information

• Use specific equipment and other materials

• Position and select exposure parameters

• Carry out all procedures with skill and rigor

NAO

Main Bibliography

NIELSEN, Stig Pors – O futuro papel da dupla absorciometria de Rx (DEXA) e da ultrasonometria transaxial quantitativa. . vol. 4, nº 43 (Novembro 1999)

PEREIRA, Cláudio Leonel Duarte – MRI (1.5 and 3 Tesla) sequence optimization for use in orthopaedics. Coimbra : IPC.ESTeSC, 2016. xiv, 174 p

JANSSEN, Karen ; ; RINCK, Peter A. ; ; RODENBURG, Anne, ed. lit. – Understanding MRI [Documento electrónico] : an interactive guide to MRI principles and applications. Nederland, 2001. 1 disco óptico (CD-ROM)

VAHLENSIECK, Martin ; ; GENANT, Harry K. ; ; REISER, Maximilian ; ; BOLLOW, M. ; ; WINTER, Peter, ed. lit. – MRI of the musculoskeletal system. Stuttgart : Thieme, 2000. XII, 394 p.. ISBN 3-13-116571-5. ISBN 0-86577-875-2

KINKEL, Karen – MRI of the female pelvis : tips and tricks. . vol. 18, nº 69 (Jan.-Mar. 2006)

BELTRAN, Javier – MRI of skeletal muscle : sports related injuries. . vol.16 nº 61 (Jan./Mar. 2004)

BELTRAN, Javier – MRI of musculoskeletal infection. . vol.16 nº 61 (Jan./Mar. 2004)

LE BIHAN, Denis – Functional MRI of the brain : principles and applications. . vol. XIII, nº 50 (Abr./Jun. 2001)

BELTRAN, Javier – MRI of the shoulder : new conceptsin glenohumeral instability. . vol.16 nº 61 (Jan./Mar. 2004)

BELTRAN, Javier – MRI of the ankle : tendons. . vol.16 nº 61 (Jan./Mar. 2004)

BERRY, Elizabeth ; BULPITT, Andrew – Fundamentals of MRI : an interactive learning approach. Boca Raton ; London ; New York : CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group, cop. 2009. xvii, 298 p.. ISBN 978-1-58488-901-4

WESTBROOK, Catherine – Handbook of MRI technique. 3rd ed. Oxford ; Malden : Wiley-Blackwell, 2008. X, 414 p. ISBN 978-1-4051-6085-8

CHACKO, Anna K. ; KATZBERG, Richard W. ; MACKAY, Aileen – MRI atlas of normal anatomy. New York : McGraw-Hill, 1991. X, 331 p.. ISBN 0-07-0104255

PAPANIKOLAOU, Nickolas – Technical advances on abdominal MRI. . vol.17 nº 67 (Jul./Set.2005)

LE BIHAN, Denis – Diffusion MRI : principles and applications. . vol. XIII, nº 50 (Abr./Jun. 2001)