Anatomy and Physiology of Animals

Introduction to Organic farming; Biology I; Biology II

To achieve the objectives of the curriculum unit and to confer the competences foreseen for students, the teaching/learning process is based on the following contents and teaching methodologies:

A) In acquiring knowledge about: (1) Exterior of animal -Exogeny; (2) osteology (3) arthrology and (4) myology.

B) In the acquisition of knowledge about (1) immunology and blood, (2) etio-pathogeny and (3) epidemiology and general homesostasis;

C) In the acquisition of knowledge about (1) splanchnology, (2) physiology of reproduction, lactation, digestion and (3) the integument;(4) neuroanatomy.

D) In the execution of practical assignments (in the classroom using the skeletons and models, in the necropsy room using the intestinal organs from the slaughterhouse, in the laboratory collection and processing of blood). The theoretical-practical classes will be carried out in the similar way

The course Animal Anatomy and Physiology is essentially a basic discipline that aims to present the concept of the structure of the animal body as a whole, in a way that the student understands the mechanisms of functioning of each of the animals’ body parts. In Organic farming the study of the animal anatomy is an area of knowledge in which the best results can be achieved through the mastery and use of animal physiology. It is in this context that the objectives of this curricular unit are anchored.

Module 1: General Animal Structure – 40%

1.)    INTRODUCTION to Animal Anatomy – Locations of the major external regions of the animal. Descriptive terms used in the study of anatomy. Bone type classification, function and identification – Osteogenesis

2.)    OSTEOLOGY The Skeleton – Axial and Appendicular Skeleton Articulations – Classification and type of Joints.

3.)    MUSCLE SYSTEM – Structural and functional characteristics of the muscle. Location of the muscles in an animal body and their attachments to the skeletal bones.

4.)    CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM – Anatomy and Physiology of the Circulatory System: Blood smears/ Immunology

Module 2: Animal Splanchnology I – 30%

1.)    RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

2.)    ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

3.)    ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF THE URINARY SYSTEM

4.)    ENDOCRINOLOGY – Endocrinology: concept of hormone;

Module 3: Animal Splanchnology II – 30%

1.)    ANATOMY OF MAMMARY GLAND AND THE PHYSIOLOGY OF LACTATION

2.)    ANATOMY OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM – Divisions of the nervous system. The Central and Peripheral nervous system, autonomic nervous system.

3.)    TEGUMENTARY SYSTEM – Skin and hair, sebaceous and sweat glands, hooves. Pathology of the hoof

• - CF = (30% nota do teste módulo 1+ 40% nota do teste módulo 2 + 30% nota do teste módulo 3) - 100.0%

• - Exame escrito teórico (50%) + Exame prático (50%). - 100.0%

NAO

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CLAYTON H.M.[et al.]. Atlas colorido de anatomia aplicada dos grandes animais. São Paulo: Editora Manole Ltda., 1997

CROUJÉ P. B. Ruminant physiology: digestion, metabolism, growth and reproduction. ed. Oxon: Cabi Publishing, 2000

CUNNINGHAM J.G. Veterinary Physiology 3rd Edition. ed. Elsevier Saunders, ISBN 0-7216-8994-9/978-0-721689-94-4. 2002.

DYCE K.M., WENSING C.J.G. Veterinary Anatomy ed. Elsevier Saunders, ISBN 0-7216-8966-3/978-0-721689-66-1. 2002

FRANDSON R.D., WILKE, L.W., FAILS, A.D. Anatomia E fisiologia dos animais de fazenda. 6ª ed. Rio de Janeiro: Guanabara Koogan, 2005.

KARDONG K.V. Vertebrates: comparative anatomy, function, evolution. 2nd ed. Boston: McGraw Hill, 1997

MCCRACKEN T.O., KAINER R.A., SPURGEON T.L. Spurgeon atlas colorido de anatomia de grandes animais: fundamentos. Rio de Janeiro, Guanabara Koogan, 2004

SCHWARZE, E. Compendio de Anatomia Veterinária. Tomo I (Introduction a la Anatomia Veterinaria. Apparato Locomotor) e II (Sistema Visceral). Editorial Acribia, S.A.

SISSON, S., GROSSMAN, J.D. Anatomia de los animais domesticos, Barcelona Savat 1977.

SWENSON, M.S. Dukes Fisiologia dos Animais Domésticos, 10ª edicão, Rio de Janeiro, Guanabara Koogan, 1988

THRUSFIELD M., Epidemiologia veterinária. Zaragoza, Acríbia, D. L. 1990

TIZARD I.R. Veterinary immunology: an introduction. 6th ed. Philadelphia: W. C. Saunders Company, Cop. 2000