Eletroencephalography II

Origin of the electroencephalographic signal (EEG);
Distinguish normal features of the EEG signal in waking and sleeping adults and children, including benign variants, activation procedures and artifacts.

The methodology used in the theoretical-practical component is of an active, expository nature and uses slides, videos and texts provided to students.
The practical component includes the integral analysis of the EEG, both in normal and in various neurological and systemic disorders, as well as the report on the practical application of the programme content developed in the theoretical-practical component and the use of the electroencephalography equipment in the related software.

The student must acquire knowledge of :

– Pharmacological, surgical and palliative treatment in refractory epilepsies

– Modalities of invasive and non-invasive investigations of the human brain related to epilepsy surgery

– Different electroencephalographic patterns in different neurological diseases

– Significance of EEG as an instrument for neurological assessment in the examination of neonates and premature infants

– Multimodal methods for the assessment of neurological clinical cases

The student must acquire the following skills and competencies:

– Acquisition, reading and reporting of awake, sleep-deprived and 24-hour EEGs in children and adults

– Clinical-electroencephalographic correlation and differential diagnosis in neurology

THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL CONTENTS

– Epileptic syndromes in the different age groups of children and young adults

– Therapeutic options in epilepsy

– Epilepsy surgery: electrocorticography (subdural, deep electrodes and cortical electrical stimulation)

– Non-epileptic paroxysmal phenomena

– Neonatal EEG

– EEG in cerebrovascular disease and dementia

– EEG in changes of the state of consciousness

– Advanced EEG methods: EEG Amb. 24h, EEG Source Imaging, EEG / EMG Backaveraging.

PRACTICAL CONTENTS

1. Systematization of the application of surface electrodes according to the international system 10-20 and according to the recommendations of the IFCN (2017);

2. Clinical interviewing: what, when and how to ask in a clinical context;

3. Analysis and discussion of EEG and video EEG traces, with systematic analysis of cases in the clinical context and visualization of examinations;

4. Preparation of a technical EEG report and correlation with the clinical information provided.

NAO

PRIMARY:

– Schomer D, Lopes da Silva F. Niedermeyer’s Electroencephalography: Basic Principles, Clinical Applications, and Related Fields. 6th Ed. 2011. Wolters Kluwer Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore.

– Ebersole JS, Husain A, Nordli DR. Current Practice of Clinical Electroencephalography. 4th Ed. 2014. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore.

SECONDARY:

– Mizrahi EM, Hrachovy RA, Kellaway P. Atlas of Neonatal Electroencephalography. 3rd Ed. 2004. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, USA.

– Doose H. EEG in Childhood Epilepsy: Initial Presentation and Long-Term Follow-Up. 2003. John Libbey Eurotext, France.

– Luders, HO. Textbook of Epilepsy Surgery. 2nd Ed.2008. CRC Press.

– Eeg-Olofsson KE. Pediatric Clinical Neurophysiology (International Review of Child Neurology. 2007. Mac Keith Press.

– Bureau M, Genton P, Delgado-Escueta AV, Dravet C, Guerrini R, Tassinari CA, Thomas P, Wolf P. Epileptic Syndromes in Infancy, Childhood and Adolescence. 6th Ed. 2019. John Libbey Eurotext.

– Rossetti AO (Editor), Laureys S (Editor). Clinical Neurophysiology in Disorders of Consciousness: Brain Function Monitoring in the ICU and Beyond. 2015th Edition. Springer.