Base Knowledge
Silviculture
Teaching Methodologies
The Curricular Unit is taught in theoretical/practical lessons and with the realization of two projects: afforestation and/or improvement and harvesting.
For a better consolidation of the concepts and realization of the projects the students are accompanied weekly in theoretical/practical classes and tutorial guidance.
For the acquisition of knowledge, simulated practices are performed in the field simulation classes of real situations of handling and application of plant protection products and of operation with the tractor and the application machines.
Students are required to be present in class. The minimum attendance is 75% of the number of classes taught.
Learning Results
The learning objective of this curricular unit is to promote, in the student who completes it successfully, the following competences identified below.
1. Knows the equipment used in forest operations inherent to the regeneration of stands, its characteristics and conditions of operation and maintenance in accordance with the standards of hygiene and safety at work and good forestry practices, as well as costs and income. It describes technically the operations necessary for the achievement of the objectives of management of the spaces and forest resources. Establishes operation plans in accordance with the objectives, integrating the ecosystem constraints, the standards of hygiene and safety at work, the principles of sustainable forest management and aspects related to the DFCI.
2. Know the machinery and equipment used in operations inherent to the application of plant protection products (PP), their characteristics and operating conditions and maintenance in accordance with the rules of hygiene and safety at work, to minimize risks to professional user, to third parties and to non-target animal and plant species, biodiversity, and the environment. Knows the special care in areas of protection of surface water and groundwater or the conservation of habitats and species directly dependent on water and in river basin districts with waters used for drinking water abstraction (according to articles 6 and 7 of Directive 2000/60/EC).
3. Knows the equipment used in forestry operations inherent to the conduction and harvesting of stands, its characteristics and conditions of operation and maintenance in accordance with the standards of hygiene and safety at work and good forestry practices, as well as costs and yields. It describes technically the operations necessary to achieve the objectives of management of the spaces and forest resources. Establishes operation plans in accordance with the objectives, integrating ecosystem constraints, occupational health and safety standards, sustainable forest management principles and aspects related to the DFCI.
The acquisition of skills in Module 1 is achieved through the following learning outcomes:
a. Identifies the constraints on the physical environment inherent in: (1) zoning, planning, and management instruments; (2) public utility restrictions; and (3) station characteristics.
b. Identifies the operations necessary to achieve the objectives for the regeneration of stands, according to the constraints of the physical environment and the principles of sustainable forest management.
c. Establishes the proper sequence of carrying out the operations according to the objectives, ecosystem constraints, and good forest practices.
d. Identifies the effect of seasonal factors on the timing, yield, and unit costs of operations. Identifies the human, material, and financial means necessary to carry out the operations.
e. Identifies the parts that constitute a project and carries out a project for afforestation and/or improvement.
The acquisition of skills in Module 2 is achieved through the following learning outcomes:
a. Identifies the constraints inherent to the use of Plant Protection Products, machines, and application techniques. Identifies the application machines, tractor use and FP application techniques.
b. Identifies the procedure for putting FP application equipment into operation (calibration of application equipment to minimize risks to professional user, to others and to non-target animal and plant species, to biodiversity and to the environment, including water resources). Identifies the procedure for maintenance of the equipment.
c. Identifies specific spraying techniques (e.g. low volume spraying and knapsack nozzles), the objectives of the technical check of sprayers in use, ways to improve spray quality, and also the specific risks linked to the use of handheld FP or knapsack sprayers and the corresponding risk management measures. Keeps records concerning the use of FP in accordance with the applicable legislation.
d. Identifies the special precautions in protection zones provided for in Articles 6 and 7 of Directive 2000/60/EC establishing a framework for Community action in the field of water policy.
e. Identifies emergency actions for the protection of human health and the environment, including water resources in case of accidental spillage, contamination and extreme weather conditions that may result in PF leaching risks.
The acquisition of skills in Module 3 is achieved through the following learning outcomes:
a. Identifies the constraints on the physical environment inherent in: (1) zoning, planning, and management instruments; (2) public utility restrictions; and (3) station characteristics.
b. Identifies the operations necessary to conduct or exploit stands according to the objectives, constraints of the physical environment, and the principles of sustainable forest management.
c. Establishes the correct sequence of operations in accordance with objectives, ecosystem constraints, and good forest practices.
d. Identifies the effect of seasonal factors on the timing, yield, and unit costs of operations. Identifies the human, material, and financial means necessary to carry out operations.
e. Identifies the parts that make up a project and performs a harvesting project.
Program
The course contents to achieve the described learning objectives are divided into three learning modules:
Module 1: Criteria for decision making inherent to forestry operations for stand regeneration (38%).
Module 2: Criteria for making decisions inherent to the procedure for putting FP application equipment into operation, its maintenance and specific spraying techniques, in accordance with the specific risks linked to the use of different equipment, the corresponding risk management measures, and in accordance with protection zone registers (water catchment sites; protection of aquatic species of economic interest; bathing waters); 25%.
Module 3: Criteria for making decisions inherent to forestry operations for the conduction and harvesting of stands; 37%.
Curricular Unit Teachers
Grading Methods
- - Written Tests (2) - 75.0%
- - Reports and discussion (2) - 25.0%
- - 2 Trabalhos Práticos - 25.0%
- - Exame Teórico-Prático - 75.0%
Internship(s)
NAO
Bibliography
ANEFA (2012). Revista nº 16. Máquinas e equipamentos ao serviço da Floresta e Agricultura. 36 pp.
ANIPLA. (s/ data). Cultivar a Segurança. Manual Técnico – Segurança na Utilização de Produtos Fitofarmacêuticos.
CAOF, Comissão de acompanhamento das operações florestais, Matriz de referência das operações florestais, http://www.idrha.pt/caof
CELBI (2001). StoraEnso. Guia de boas práticas florestais. CELBI.
Collectif CTBA (2001). Manuel d’exploitation forestière – Tome 1, CTBA/Afocel (Collection). FCBA (ed.). 442p. EAN13 : 9782856840139.
Comissão Técnica de Normalização 145/IPQ. (2004). Código de Boas Práticas para uma Gestão Florestal Sustentável. CAP, Naturlink. Programa AGRO – medida 10. 42 pp.
COTF (2013). 2 Conservação e manutenção da motorroçadora. ICNF, COTF, Lousã, 55 pp.
DGF. (2002). Manual de boas práticas florestais. Lisboa, DGF
Direção Geral de Alimentação e Veterinária. (2013). Plano da Acção Nacional para o Uso Sustentável dos Produtos Fitofarmacêuticos. Volumes I e II. Ministério da Agricultura e do Mar. Lisboa.
FORESTRY COMMISSION (1991) Forestry Practice, Handbook 6. BG Hibberd (ed). London: Forestry Commission, 239 pp.
Louro, G., Marques H., & Salinas F. (2000). Elementos de apoio à elaboração de projectos florestais. Estudos e Informação, nº 320. DGF. 123 pp.
Moreira, J.F. (2006). Exposição aos Produtos Fitofarmacêuticos do operador de material de aplicação. DGPC. MADRP.
Plano da Acão Nacional para o Uso Sustentável dos Produtos Fitofarmacêuticos. Volumes I e II. Direcção Geral de Alimentação e Veterinária. Ministério da Agricultura e do Mar. Lisboa. 2013.
Santos, C.; Silva, J.H.A.; & Gouveia, J.L.H. (2012). Armazenamento e aplicação de produtos fitofarmacêuticos, Manual de procedimentos. DRDA, Gov. dos Açores. 26 pp.
Simões, J.S. (2005). Utilização de Produtos Fitofarmacêuticos na Agricultura. Colecção Agricultura e Ambiente. Sociedade Portuguesa de Inovação.
Internet:
https://www.centropinus.org/editions/category/edicoes-tecnicas
https://icnf.pt/florestas/arborizacoes/enquadramentolegal
https://icnf.pt/florestas/arborizacoes/projetosrjaar
https://www.dgav.pt/medicamentos/conteudo/produtos-fitofarmaceuticos/uso-sustentavel-dos-produtos-fitofarmaceuticos/ – Legislação aplicável às operações de arborização, repovoamento, exploração florestal e Distribuição, Comercialização, Armazenamento, Aplicação/Utilização de Produtos Fitofarmacêuticos