Modelação e Simulação Biomédica

In the theoretical component of the curricular, the expository method will be considered. After acquiring theoretical knowledge, some examples of application will be used, privileging the exchange of ideas, approaching and solving problems by the students themselves during class. Both cases have as support the view/use of laboratory equipment and support software. Each student will have a processing unit with the software programs needed to solve academic and practical problems, with the guidance and follow-up of the teacher. In laboratory terms, students will have access to a Scanner from the applied biomechanics laboratory. In the final stage of the curriculum, individual work will be introduced that intends to deepen and cement competencies as to applying the learned concepts. The evaluation of the curricular unit is done based on a written evaluation, and the final work is to be delivered to the teacher in the form of a report. The work is targeted by a poster format presentation, followed by a discussion before the teacher.

The knowledge of modelling and simulation tools is fundamental in the training component in biomedical engineering. Students are intended to have contact with some tools that allow the approach to the development of biomechanical support and simulation systems, particularly in biomechanics. This curricular unit involves a theoretical component interconnected with the laboratory component, where multiple support software and laboratory equipment will be used.
The curricular unit sequentially intends to create in students’ knowledge and some basic skills in modelling and simulation. With support in a strong laboratory component, obtaining the geometry of elements of the human anatomical structure from an axial tomography (TAC) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) will be considered. Complementary scanning techniques will be included to generate and optimize the geometry of biomechanical systems.
It is also intended to introduce support and support skills, in a user line, as to the use of computer simulation tools to define the forecasting models for the structural behaviour of biomechanical elements.

1. Biomechanics of joints (articular cartilage; tendons, ligaments and muscles);
1.1. Anatomical considerations;
1.2. Recovery;
1.3. Fixing fractures;
1.4. Arthroplasties
2. Biomechanics of tissues and structures of the musculoskeletal system:
2.1. Concepts and terminology;
2.2. Biomechanics of locomotion.
2.3. Biomechanical models.
2.4. Qualitative and quantitative analysis.
2.5. Anthropometry.
3. Reverse engineering in biomedical.
3.1. Medical image segmentation to 3D model.
3.2. 3D scanning to 3D model.
3.3. Reverse engineering tools.
4. Computational simulation:
4.1. Basics of materials and biomedical devices.
4.2. Selection of materials for biomedical devices; classification and fundamental properties.
5. Computational tools for simulation.
5.1. Concepts of finite elements.
5.2. From geometric model to the finite element model.
5.3. A suitable definition of a simulation model with finite elements.

NAO

 M. A. Neto, A. Amaro, L. Roseiro, J. Cirne, R. Leal – “Engineering Computation of Structures: The Finite Element Method”, Springer, 2015. ISBN 978-3-319-17709-0.
 D. V. Hutton – “Fundamentals of Finite Element Analysis”, McGraw-Hill, 2004. ISBN 0072922362
 Completo, F. Fonseca – “Fundamentos de Biomecânica: Músculo, Esquelética e Ortopédica”, MedicaBook, 2019. EAN 78-9898927491

Software:
 Solidworks Manual, 2020.
 MSC Nastran Patran Manual, 2020.