Base Knowledge
At the level of thermodynamics and operation of internal combustion engines.
Teaching Methodologies
In theoretical classes, a theoretical exposition of each subject is made.
In theoretical-practical classes, engine components and systems are identified and the resolution of theoretical-practical exercises is carried out.
In the laboratory component, specialized practical work is carried out.
Learning Results
»To know the theoretical and practical aspects of the constitution, mode of operation, technologies and design of engine power and ignition systems;
»To identify the needs for the use of electronically managed power systems;
»To identify the organs that make up gasoline injection pumps and equipment;
»To make the tuning and optimized management of the engine’s ignition point;
»To identify the bodies that make up Diesel injection pumps and equipment;
»To proceed to the tuning and optimized management of the engine’s ignition point;
»To perform the disassembly, verification, control, regulation, replacement and assembly of elements that integrate the supply system;
»To know the theoretical and practical aspects of the way of operation, technologies and design of engine supercharging systems;
»To characterize the problems inherent to the application of a turbo-compressor in alternative thermal engines;
»To assess the need for incorporating an intercooler;
»To make the diagnosis of faults in the supercharging system;
»To integrate the study of systems and components with the respective functional diagrams and electrical diagrams.
Program
GASOLINE CARBURETING SYSTEMS
The abandonment of carburation systems. Brief description of the elementary carburetor and technical solutions for correcting air and fuel flows (Solex, Zenith, Krebs-Pallas). Air bypass to “idle”. Low pressure pump feeding system in carburation engines.
CONVENTIONAL GASOLINE INJECTION SYSTEMS AND GDI SYSTEMS
Mono-point, multi-point and multi-point-sequential injection systems. Direct injection system in the combustion chamber. Multi-jet direct injection systems. Fuel tank, fuel feed pump (diaphragm and electric), fuel filter, reducer / pressure regulator, additional air valve, cold start injector, air flow meter, sensors, relay, electronic control unit control (ECU), common reservoir, injection valve (electromagnetic injector) and cold start valve. High pressure pump feeding systems.
Fundamental parameters of the electronic gasoline injection system. Sensors: accelerator pedal position, cold start, engine load depending on air flow, atmospheric conditions, engine speed, engine temperature.
CONVENTIONAL IGNITION SYSTEMS
Basic notions of electromagnetism. Magnet ignition; Function, constitution and functioning of the conventional ignition system by battery-distributor; Drums; Distributor; Platinum; Condenser, Spark plug: Thermal grade; shape and distance of the electrodes. Low induction ignition coil; Vacuum and centrifugal feeds; Adjustment of the point with stroboscopic pistol.
TRANSISTORIZED AND ELECTRONIC IGNITION SYSTEMS
Capacitive discharge ignition systems; Transistorized ignition systems; Transistorized ignition systems with a breaker and magnetic generator: diode, transistor, Hall effect sensor and optical sensor. Integral electronic ignition systems (IEI). Electronic ignition components: electronic control unit (ECU).
INTEGRATION OF ELECTRONIC IGNITION WITH ENGINE POWER
Troubleshooting equipment.
AIR CLEANING
Air filters. Operation and maintenance.
INJECTION SYSTEMS IN COMPRESSION IGNITION ENGINES (C.I)
Constitution and operation of the conventional system: Fuel tank, pre-supply pump, fuel filters, high pressure injection pump, high pressure accumulator, pressure regulating valve (DRV), injection tubes and injectors (pump injectors) . Direct injection and indirect injection. One-way circuit and return circuit.
INJECTION PUMPS
Injection pumps. Pump extraction and replacement. Alternative piston injection pumps: variable stroke pump, variable reflux pump. Rotary injection pumps. Pump injectors.
INJECTION PUMP REGULATORS AND REGULATION
Automatic BOSH regulator. SPICA automatic regulator. Verification: of the phase, of regularity, of the uniformity of the ranges.
INJECTORS AND GLOW CANDLES
Description and operation. Sprayers. Operating anomalies. Control and calibration of injectors.
Function and type of glow plugs. Examination of carbon deposits.
“COMMON RAIL” SYSTEM
Operation principle. Organs and their function. Advantages of the system.
EDC – ELECTRONIC DIESEL CONTROL
Description and operation. System regulation.
SENSORS
Sensors: accelerator pedal position, cold start, engine load depending on air flow, atmospheric conditions, engine speed, engine temperature.
Supercharging
Supercharging function. Analysis of the advantages of supercharging in spark ignition engines (S.I.) and in compression ignition engines (C.I.). Principles of operation and technological characteristics of supercharged engines. Principle of operation and constitution of the volumetric compressor, centrifugal compressor and turbo-compressor.
TURBO-COMPRESSOR
Turbine. Compressor. Central support. Description and operation of the boost pressure control valve. Turbocharger lubrication system. Variable geometry turbocharger. Problems arising from the application of a turbocharger.
INTER-COOLER
Basics for its inclusion in internal combustion engines. Constitution and functioning.
DIAGNOSIS OF FAULTS IN THE FUEL SYSTEM
Incidents and possible causes. Diagnosis.
EXHAUST GAS RECIRCULATION SYSTEM (EGR)
Constitution of the system. Types of EGR valves. Function and mode of operation. Malfunctions.
Curricular Unit Teachers
Internship(s)
NAO
Bibliography
Recommended bibliography:
» Martins, J. (2006). Motores de Combustão Interna. 2ª. Edição, Publindústria.
» Lucchesi, D (1989). O Automóvel – Curso Técnico, vol. 1 e 2. Editorial Presença.
» Bocchi, G. (1987). Motori a Quattro Tempi. Hoepli Editore.
Complementary bibliography:
» Giacosa, D. (1986). Motores Endotérmicos. 3ª. Edição, Editorial Dossat, S.A.
» Arias-Paz, M (1970). Manual de Automóveis. Editora Mestre Jou.
» Boulanger, P. e Bernard, A. Motores Diesel. 4ª edição, Hemus. São Paulo.
» Vários Autores. (2003). Mecânica Automóvel, Editora Alves da Costa.
» Estévez, S. (1995). Tecnologia do Automóvel. Editora Plátano.
» CEPRA manuals on “Feeding systems”,”Diesel injection systems” and “Supercharging systems”.